理学最新文献_第4页

Coherence synthesis in nonlinear optics 非线性光学中的相干合成

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01749-6

Zihao Pang, Ady Arie

{"title":"Coherence synthesis in nonlinear optics","authors":"Zihao Pang, Ady Arie","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01749-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01749-6","url":null,"abstract":"It is commonly assumed that nonlinear frequency conversion requires lasers with high coherence; however, this assumption has constrained our broader understanding of coherence and overlooked the potential role of incoherence in nonlinear interactions. In this work, we study the synthesis of optical spatial coherence in second harmonic generation using quadratic nonlinear photonic crystals. We demonstrate a method where the second harmonic coherence is customized by employing quantitative phase retrieval and a complex square-root filter sequentially on fundamental frequency speckles. As a proof-of-concept, we experimentally show incoherent imaging of a smiley face transitioning from infrared to visible light. Moreover, we apply this method to produce two representative types of structured light beams in second harmonic generation: incoherent vortex and Airy beams. During the nonlinear synthesis of incoherent vortex beams, we have, for the first time, experimentally verified the conservation of orbital angular momentum in the nonlinear frequency conversion process of a low-coherence source. Furthermore, the generated second-harmonic incoherent Airy beam preserves the self-acceleration characteristics of its fundamental frequency counterpart, remaining unaffected by reductions in coherence. Our results not only deepen the fundamental understanding of optical coherence but also unlock exciting possibilities for applications in infrared imaging and fluorescence microscopy where optical nonlinear interactions play an important role.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"29 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Next generation drug clearance insights: real-time tracking in hepatobiliary and renal systems

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01782-5

Won Hur, Gi Hun Seong, Hak Soo Choi

引用次数: 0

Sky cooling for LED streetlights

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01724-7

Saichao Dang, Hasan H. Almahfoudh, Abdulrahman M. Alajlan, Hussam Qasem, Jiake Wang, Yingkun Zhu, Osman M. Bakr, Boon S. Ooi, Qiaoqiang Gan

{"title":"Sky cooling for LED streetlights","authors":"Saichao Dang, Hasan H. Almahfoudh, Abdulrahman M. Alajlan, Hussam Qasem, Jiake Wang, Yingkun Zhu, Osman M. Bakr, Boon S. Ooi, Qiaoqiang Gan","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01724-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01724-7","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal management is a critical challenge for semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs), as inadequate heat dissipation reduces luminous efficiency and shortens the devices’ lifespan. Thus, there is an urgent need for more effective cooling strategies to enhance the energy efficiency of LEDs. LED streetlights, which operate primarily at night and experience high chip temperatures, could benefit greatly from improved thermal management. In this study, we introduce a sky-facing radiative cooling strategy for outdoor LED streetlights, an innovative yet less explored approach for thermal management of optoelectronics. Our method employs a nanoporous polyethylene (nanoPE) material that possesses both infrared transparency and visible reflectivity. This approach enables the direct release of heat generated by the LED through a sky-facing radiative cooling channel, while also reflecting a significant portion of the light back for illumination. By incorporating nanoPE as a cover for sky-facing LED lights, we achieved a remarkable temperature reduction of 7.8 °C in controlled laboratory settings and 4.4 °C in outdoor environments. These reductions were accompanied by an efficiency improvement of approximately 5% and 4%, respectively. This enhanced efficiency translates into substantial annual energy savings, estimated at 1.9 terawatt-hours when considering the use of LED streetlights in the United States. Furthermore, this electricity saving corresponds to a reduction of approximately 1.3 million metric tons of CO2 emissions, equivalent to 0.03% of the total annual CO2 emissions by the United States in 2018.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurately adjusted phenothiazine conformations: reversible conformation transformation at room temperature and self-recoverable stimuli-responsive phosphorescence 精确调整的吩噻嗪构象：室温下的可逆构象转变和可自我恢复的刺激响应型磷光

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01716-7

Yuan Gao, Wentao Yuan, Yuexin Li, Arui Huang, Yuanyuan Fang, Aisen Li, Kai Wang, Bo Zou, Qianqian Li, Zhen Li

{"title":"Accurately adjusted phenothiazine conformations: reversible conformation transformation at room temperature and self-recoverable stimuli-responsive phosphorescence","authors":"Yuan Gao, Wentao Yuan, Yuexin Li, Arui Huang, Yuanyuan Fang, Aisen Li, Kai Wang, Bo Zou, Qianqian Li, Zhen Li","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01716-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01716-7","url":null,"abstract":"Conformational flexibility is essential to the stimuli-responsive property of organic materials, but achieving the reversible molecular transformation is still challenging in functional materials for the high energy barriers and restriction by intermolecular interactions. Herein, through the incorporation of various steric hindrances into phenothiazine derivatives with different positions and quantities to tune the molecular conformations by adjustable repulsive forces, the folded angles gradually changed from 180° to 90° in 17 compounds. When the angle located at 112° with moderated steric effect, dynamic and reversible transformation of conformations under mechanical force has been achieved for the low energy barriers and mutually regulated molecular motions, resulting in both self-recoverable and stimuli-responsive phosphorescence properties for the first time. It opened up a new way to realize the self-recovery property of organic materials, which can facilitate the multi-functional property of smart materials with the opened avenue for other fields with inspiration.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasensitive photoelectric detection with room temperature extremum

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01701-0

Tuntan Wu, Yongzhen Li, Qiangguo Zhou, Qinxi Qiu, Yanqing Gao, Wei Zhou, Niangjuan Yao, Junhao Chu, Zhiming Huang

{"title":"Ultrasensitive photoelectric detection with room temperature extremum","authors":"Tuntan Wu, Yongzhen Li, Qiangguo Zhou, Qinxi Qiu, Yanqing Gao, Wei Zhou, Niangjuan Yao, Junhao Chu, Zhiming Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01701-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01701-0","url":null,"abstract":"Room-temperature photodetection holds pivotal significance in diverse applications such as sensing, imaging, telecommunications, and environmental remote sensing due to its simplicity, versatility, and indispensability. Although different kinds of photon and thermal detectors have been realized, high sensitivity of photodetection with room temperature extremum is not reported until now. Herein, we find evident peaks in the photoelectric response originated from the anomalous excitonic insulator phase transition in tantalum nickel selenide (Ta2NiSe5) for room-temperature optimized photodetection from visible light to terahertz ranges. Extreme sensitivity of photoconductive detector with specific detectivity (D*) of 5.3 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 and electrical bandwidth of 360 kHz is reached in the terahertz range, which is one to two orders of magnitude improvement compared to that of the state-of-the-art room-temperature terahertz detectors. The van der Waals heterostructure of Ta2NiSe5/WS2 is further constructed to suppress the dark current at room temperature with much improved ambient D* of 4.1 × 1012 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 in the visible wavelength, rivaling that of the typical photodetectors, and superior photoelectric performance in the terahertz range compared to the photoconductor device. Our results open a new avenue for optoelectronics via excitonic insulator phase transition in broad wavelength bands and pave the way for applications in sensitive environmental and remote sensing at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning enhanced light sheet fluorescence microscopy for in vivo 4D imaging of zebrafish heart beating

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01710-z

Meng Zhang, Renjian Li, Songnian Fu, Sunil Kumar, James Mcginty, Yuwen Qin, Lingling Chen

{"title":"Deep learning enhanced light sheet fluorescence microscopy for in vivo 4D imaging of zebrafish heart beating","authors":"Meng Zhang, Renjian Li, Songnian Fu, Sunil Kumar, James Mcginty, Yuwen Qin, Lingling Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01710-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01710-z","url":null,"abstract":"Time-resolved volumetric fluorescence imaging over an extended duration with high spatial/temporal resolution is a key driving force in biomedical research for investigating spatial-temporal dynamics at organism-level systems, yet it remains a major challenge due to the trade-off among imaging speed, light exposure, illumination power, and image quality. Here, we present a deep-learning enhanced light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) approach that addresses the restoration of rapid volumetric time-lapse imaging with less than 0.03% light exposure and 3.3% acquisition time compared to a typical standard acquisition. We demonstrate that the convolutional neural network (CNN)-transformer network developed here, namely U-net integrated transformer (UI-Trans), successfully achieves the mitigation of complex noise-scattering-coupled degradation and outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning networks, due to its capability of faithfully learning fine details while comprehending complex global features. With the fast generation of appropriate training data via flexible switching between confocal line-scanning LSFM (LS-LSFM) and conventional LSFM, this method achieves a three- to five-fold signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement and ~1.8 times contrast improvement in ex vivo zebrafish heart imaging and long-term in vivo 4D (3D morphology + time) imaging of heartbeat dynamics at different developmental stages with ultra-economical acquisitions in terms of light dosage and acquisition time.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Robust low threshold full-color upconversion lasing in rare-earth activated nanocrystal-in-glass microcavity

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01765-6

Zhigang Gao, Lugui Cui, Yushi Chu, Luyue Niu, Lehan Wang, Rui Zhao, Yulong Yang, Xiaofeng Liu, Jing Ren, Guoping Dong

引用次数: 0

An achromatic metasurface waveguide for augmented reality displays

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01761-w

Zhongtao Tian, Xiuling Zhu, Philip A. Surman, Zhidong Chen, Xiao Wei Sun

{"title":"An achromatic metasurface waveguide for augmented reality displays","authors":"Zhongtao Tian, Xiuling Zhu, Philip A. Surman, Zhidong Chen, Xiao Wei Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01761-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01761-w","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented reality (AR) displays are emerging as the next generation of interactive platform, providing deeper human-digital interactions and immersive experiences beyond traditional flat-panel displays. Diffractive waveguide is a promising optical combiner technology for AR owing to its potential for the slimmest geometry and lightest weight. However, severe chromatic aberration of diffractive coupler has constrained widespread adoption of diffractive waveguide. Wavelength-dependent light deflection, caused by dispersion in both in-coupling and out-coupling processes, results in limited full-color field of view (FOV) and nonuniform optical responses in color and angular domains. Here we introduce an innovative full-color AR system that overcomes this long-standing challenge of chromatic aberration using a combination of inverse-designed metasurface couplers and a high refractive index waveguide. The optimized metasurface couplers demonstrate true achromatic behavior across the maximum FOV supported by the waveguide (exceeding 45°). Our AR prototype based on the designed metasurface waveguide, exhibits superior color accuracy and uniformity. This unique achromatic metasurface waveguide technology is expected to advance the development of visually compelling experience in compact AR display systems.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancements in ultrafast photonics: confluence of nonlinear optics and intelligent strategies

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01732-7

Qing Wu, Liuxing Peng, Zhihao Huang, Xiaolei Liu, Meng Luo, Danheng Gao, Haoran Meng

引用次数: 0

Progress on intelligent metasurfaces for signal relay, transmitter, and processor

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01729-2

Chao Qian, Longwei Tian, Hongsheng Chen

{"title":"Progress on intelligent metasurfaces for signal relay, transmitter, and processor","authors":"Chao Qian, Longwei Tian, Hongsheng Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01729-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01729-2","url":null,"abstract":"Pursuing higher data rate with limited spectral resources is a longstanding topic that has triggered the fast growth of modern wireless communication techniques. However, the massive deployment of active nodes to compensate for propagation loss necessitates high hardware expenditure, energy consumption, and maintenance cost, as well as complicated network interference issues. Intelligent metasurfaces, composed of a number of subwavelength passive or active meta-atoms, have recently found to be a new paradigm to actively reshape wireless communication environment in a green way, distinct from conventional works that passively adapt to the surrounding. In this review, we offer a unified perspective on how intelligent metasurfaces can facilitate wireless communication in three manners: signal relay, signal transmitter, and signal processor. We start by the basic modeling of wireless channel and the evolution of metasurfaces from passive, active to intelligent metasurfaces. Integrated with various deep learning algorithms, intelligent metasurfaces adapt to cater for the ever-changing environments without human intervention. Then, we overview specific experimental advancements using intelligent metasurfaces. We conclude by identifying key issues in the practical implementations of intelligent metasurfaces, and surveying new directions, such as gain metasurfaces and knowledge migration.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0