物理最新文献

{"title":"Hartmann sensor tomography for characterization of coherence properties within illumination","authors":"Marek Vitek,&nbsp;Michal Peterek,&nbsp;Martin Paur,&nbsp;Libor Motka,&nbsp;Zdenek Hradil,&nbsp;Jaroslav Rehacek,&nbsp;Bohumil Stoklasa","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06107-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06107-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Characterizing the coherence properties of illumination is essential for assessing imaging quality and system performance in various optical systems. This letter aims to highlight Hartmann sensor tomography, a novel approach integrating wavefront sensing with tomographic reconstruction to measure spatial coherence without scanning. Operating in a non-classical regime, the technique utilizes a custom-designed mask and a maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithm to estimate the coherence matrix with high precision. The method is experimentally validated using partially coherent sources from collimated multimode fibers with varying core diameters, providing diverse test scenarios. These results are compared with the theoretical predictions of the van Cittert-Zernike theorem, showcasing excellent agreement and demonstrating the method’s ability to reconstruct complex coherence structures accurately and efficiently. Hartmann sensor tomography offers a fast and robust alternative to conventional interferometric techniques for analyzing partially coherent fields, paving the way for applications in imaging, diagnostics, adaptive optics, and other areas where rapid and precise coherence characterization is critical.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06107-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water absorption dynamics in medical foam: empirical validation of the Lucas–Washburn model","authors":"Weihua Mu,&nbsp;Hui Sun,&nbsp;Lina Cao","doi":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00478-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00478-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study extends the Lucas–Washburn theory through non-equilibrium thermodynamic analysis to examine fluid absorption in medical foams used for hemorrhage control. As a universal model for capillary flow in porous media, the theory demonstrated strong agreement with experimental results, confirming its semi-quantitative accuracy. Minor deviations, likely due to material heterogeneity, were observed and explained, enhancing the theory’s applicability to real-world conditions. Our findings underscore the universality of the Lucas–Washburn framework and provide valuable insights for optimizing the design of medical foams, ultimately contributing to more effective bleeding control solutions in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":790,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal E","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00478-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong decays of (a_0), (f_0), (f_2), and (K^*_2) resonances as dynamically generated states of two vector mesons","authors":"Qing-Hua Shen,&nbsp;Li-Sheng Geng,&nbsp;Ju-Jun Xie","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01516-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01516-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The two-body strong decays of the <span>(f_0(1370)/f_0(1500))</span>, <span>(f_0(1710))</span>, <span>(a_0(1710))</span>, <span>(f_2(1270))</span>, <span>(f_2'(1525))</span>, and <span>(K_2^*(1430))</span> resonances are investigated, assuming them as dynamically generated states of two vector mesons via <i>S</i>-wave interactions. Based on the strong couplings of these scalar and tensor mesons to the vector-vector channels, their partial decay widths to all the possible two-body pseudoscalar meson-pseudoscalar meson final states are calculated considering the triangular diagrams involving the exchange of pseudoscalar mesons. It is found that some of the obtained ratios of branching fractions are compatible with the available experimental measurements. However, to further validate the model calculations and precisely determine the nature of these scalar and tensor mesons, more accurate experimental measurements are indispensable. We anticipate that in the future, the BESIII, BelleII, and LHCb collaborations will carry out these crucial measurements, which will significantly contribute to the understanding of the properties of these scalar and tensor mesons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleation of de Sitter from the anti de Sitter spacetime in scalar field models","authors":"M. Cadoni,&nbsp;M. Pitzalis,&nbsp;A. P. Sanna","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13960-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13960-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We show that, in the framework of Einstein-scalar gravity, the gravitational coupling can drive the nucleation of the de Sitter (dS) spacetime from an anti de Sitter (AdS) one. This is done using a static and spherically-symmetric metastable scalar lump solution. This features an <span>(text {AdS}_4)</span> spacetime in the solution’s core, allows for <span>(text {dS}_4)</span> vacua and is plagued by a tachyonic instability. Using the Euclidean action formalism in the semiclassical approximation, we compute and compare the probability amplitudes and the free energies of the <span>(text {AdS}_{4})</span> lump and the <span>(text {dS}_4)</span> vacua. Our results show that the former is generally less favored than the latter, with the most preferred state being a <span>(text {dS}_4)</span> vacuum. Thus, we interpret the lump as a metastable state which mediates the decay of the <span>(text {AdS}_4)</span> spacetime into the true <span>(text {dS}_4)</span> vacuum. We argue that this nucleation mechanism of dS spacetime may provide insights into the short-distance behavior of gravity, in particular for the characterization of supergravity vacua, cosmological inflation and the black-hole singularity problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13960-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of Cr3+ doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles and their photocatalytic applications","authors":"Yogesh P. Ubale,&nbsp;Pratik S. Patil,&nbsp;Sudarshan S. Gawali,&nbsp;Sagar V. Rathod,&nbsp;K. M. Jadhav","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08383-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08383-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green synthesis approach has emerging in recent years because of its low cost, less toxic, and environmentally friendly nature. The present study is focused on the preparation of Cr³⁺ doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles by sol-gel auto-combustion route by employing a green synthesis approach utilizing an extract of ginger. X-ray diffraction studies prove the single-phase nature of cubic spinel structure. Crystallite size obtained from Debye Scherrer equation varies between 11 and 16 nm establishing the nanocrystalline nature. The structural parameters like lattice constant, unit cell volume, etc. increases with Cr³⁺ doping. The characteristic absorption bands are seen in FTIR spectra at around 400 cm^− 1 and 600 cm^− 1. FE-SEM images revealed the spherical structure with grain size of the order of 22 to 27 nm. Raman spectra of spinel ferrite show five Raman active modes. The magnetization measurements show saturation magnetization of the order of 32.23 emu/gm, which goes on decreasing with Cr³⁺ doping. In the photocatalytic application, the dye degradation efficiency of the order of 90% was observed for methylene blue on adding 0.3 gm of nickel ferrite nano-catalyst. The degradation efficiency decreases. Thus, the prepared Cr³⁺ doped nickel ferrite magnetic nano-catalyst shows high catalytic activity under visible light.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metareview: a survey of active matter reviews","authors":"Michael te Vrugt,&nbsp;Raphael Wittkowski","doi":"10.1140/epje/s10189-024-00466-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epje/s10189-024-00466-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the past years, the amount of research on active matter has grown extremely rapidly, a fact that is reflected in particular by the existence of more than 1000 reviews on this topic. Moreover, the field has become very diverse, ranging from theoretical studies of the statistical mechanics of active particles to applied work on medical applications of microrobots and from biological systems to artificial swimmers. This makes it very difficult to get an overview over the field as a whole. Here, we provide such an overview in the form of a metareview article that surveys the existing review articles and books on active matter. Thereby, this article provides a useful starting point for finding literature about a specific topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":790,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal E","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epje/s10189-024-00466-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmological constraints on two vacuum decay models","authors":"Yupeng Yang,&nbsp;Yicheng Wang,&nbsp;Xinyi Dai","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13990-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13990-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We constrain two vacuum decay models (<span>(varLambda (t))</span>CDM) utilizing the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data released by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), distance prior from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observed by the Planck satellite, Hubble rate data obtained via the cosmic chronometers (CC) method and type Ia supernova (SNIa) data. The interaction terms between dark matter and dark energy are defined as <span>(Q=3varepsilon Hrho _{varLambda })</span> for model I and <span>(3varepsilon aHrho _{varLambda })</span> for model II. We find that the decay parameter is constrained to be <span>(varepsilon =0.0094^{+0.0037}_{-0.0033})</span> for model I and <span>(varepsilon =0.0119pm {0.0045})</span> for model II, respectively, indicating a potential interaction between dark matter and dark energy at the <span>(2sigma )</span> confidence level. The current Hubble parameter values are estimated to be <span>(H_{0}=70.30pm {0.67})</span> for model I and <span>(H_{0}=70.28pm {0.64})</span> for model II. These values of <span>(H_0)</span> fall between those derived from the Planck and SH0ES data, suggesting that these two vacuum decay models could provide a potential solution to alleviate the Hubble tension problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13990-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of (phi) and (sigma ^{*})-meson on properties of hyperon stars including (Delta) resonance","authors":"Chen Wu,&nbsp;Wenjun Guo","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06145-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06145-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we research the properties of neutron stars using the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory and consider multiple degrees of freedom inside neutron stars, including hyperons and <span>(Delta)</span> resonances. We investigate different coupling parameters <span>(x_{sigma Delta })</span> between <span>(Delta)</span> resonances and nucleons and compare the differences between neutron stars with and without strange mesons <span>(sigma ^*)</span> and <span>(phi)</span> These effects include particle number distributions, equations of state (EOS), mass–radius relations, and tidal deformabilities. To overcome the “hyperon puzzle,” we employ the <span>(sigma -cut)</span> scheme to obtain neutron stars with masses up to <span>(2M_{odot })</span>. We find that strange mesons appear at around 3<span>(rho _0)</span> and reduce the critical density of baryons in the high-density region. With increasing coupling parameter <span>(x_{sigma Delta })</span>, the <span>(Delta)</span> resonances suppress hyperons, leading to a shift of the critical density toward lower values. The early occurrence of <span>(Delta)</span> resonances may play a crucial role in the stability of neutron stars. Strange mesons soften the EOS slightly, while <span>(Delta)</span> resonances predominantly soften the EOS in the low-density region. By calculating tidal deformabilities and comparing with astronomical event GW170817, we find that the inclusion of <span>(Delta)</span> resonances decreases the radius of neutron stars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic analysis of a mathematical model for wild mosquito population control: combining incompatible and sterile insect techniques","authors":"Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Liping Wang,&nbsp;Ruizhe Shang,&nbsp;Peng Wu","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06125-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06125-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article modifies a mathematical dynamics model to analyze mosquito control strategies using the combined incompatible and sterile insect techniques. To regulate mosquito populations precisely, the model uses a Holling-II type proportional saturation release. The study first proves the existence of up to three equilibria and analyzes stability. It then investigates the potential saddle-node bifurcation that occurs under the threshold release rate, which is crucial for understanding mosquito population dynamics and developing an optimal control strategy. Numerical simulations confirm the accuracy of the model and show its dynamic behavior. The results suggest that by precisely controlling the release rate, mosquito population density can be effectively reduced, interrupting disease transmission chains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-phase-field simulation of the void crossing grain boundary under electromigration-induced anisotropic surface diffusion in (110)-oriented interconnects","authors":"Yuanzhe Guo,&nbsp;Peizhen Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08363-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08363-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The morphology evolution and position movement of the void induced by electromigration is of great significance to the reliability, performance, and surface nanotechnology of metal interconnects. In this paper, the multi-phase-field model, adaptive mesh technique and finite element method are used to study the void crossing grain boundary behavior in metal interconnects with face-centered cubic metal (110) orientation under electromigration-induced anisotropic surface diffusion. The results indicate that the process of void crossing grain boundary depends on the anisotropic strength <span>(Q)</span>, the electric field strength <span>(chi)</span>, the misorientation of the fast interface diffusion direction concerning the electric field in left-side grain <span>(theta_{0L})</span> and the initial aspect ratio of void <span>(lambda)</span>. And the effects of the four governing parameters are discussed in detail. When <span>(Q ge 17.5)</span>, the circular void can split into two small voids after breaking away from the grain boundary and entering the right-side grain, and increasing <span>(Q)</span> will accelerate the void crossing process. With the increase of <span>(chi)</span>, <span>(theta_{0L})</span> or <span>(lambda)</span>, the void can split into two voids during crossing the grain boundary, and the two small voids have two evolution trends of merging and non-merging. When <span>(chi)</span> is small, the time of void crossing grain boundary is significantly dependent on <span>(Q)</span>. On the contrary, the time is significantly dependent on <span>(chi)</span>. Increasing <span>(chi)</span> or <span>(theta_{0L})</span> will accelerate the void crossing process, while increasing <span>(lambda)</span> will hinder it. The results obtained in this paper are of great significance to the dynamics of void in interconnects and the fabrication of nanostructures with the required characteristics and sizes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}