物理最新文献

{"title":"Photoelectrochemical etching of semiconductor induced by evanescent light","authors":"Kaito Miyakoda,&nbsp;Hirofumi Hidai,&nbsp;Sho Itoh,&nbsp;Souta Matsusaka","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-09024-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-09024-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel photoelectrochemical etching method for semiconductor was introduced, utilizing evanescent light as the source to confine the etching depth. Evanescent light, generated under total internal reflection, is localized near the reflective interface. Since the etching rate correlates with light intensity, the etching profile is determined by the spatial decay of the evanescent field from the interface. Time-resolved measurements revealed that the etching depth is limited to approximately 900 nm from the total internal reflection interface. The shape of the etched cavity reflects the intensity distribution of the evanescent light. In addition, a theoretical model was developed based on the hypothesis that the etching rate is proportional to the light intensity when using evanescent light. The experimental etching results are consistent with this theoretical model. These findings suggest that consistent etching profiles can be achieved regardless of the initial surface morphology under optimized conditions, as the evanescent light intensity distribution is independent of surface topography. This etching technology has the potential to enable non-contact or zero-defect surface flattening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-025-09024-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermion dark matter effect on electroweak phase transition","authors":"Soudeh Mirzaie,&nbsp;Karim Ghorbani,&nbsp;Parsa Ghorbani","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14841-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14841-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The addition of extra scalars to the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics enriches the vacuum structure and consequently gives rise to strong first-order phase transitions (EWPT) in the early universe. We raise the question that how the EWPT is affected by the addition of fermions in models beyond the SM, and address this question by studying the EWPT in a dark matter model comprising a singlet scalar and two Dirac fermions. The singlet scalar develops a nonzero vacuum expectation value (VEV), and the lighter fermion plays the role of the dark matter. The model evades the stringent direct detection bounds due to the presence of two fermions. We first show that applying the high-temperature approximation, no first-order phase transition is found. Then we demonstrate that when including the full finite temperature corrections to the effective potential, the first-order phase transition becomes possible, nevertheless, all the phase transitions will be weak. We therefore deduce that the addition of fermions reduces the strength of the EWPT.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14841-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proper-time approach in asymptotic safety via black hole quasinormal modes and grey-body factors","authors":"Bekir Can Lütfüoğlu,&nbsp;Erdinç Ulaş Saka,&nbsp;Abubakir Shermatov,&nbsp;Javlon Rayimbaev,&nbsp;Inomjon Ibragimov,&nbsp;Sokhibjan Muminov","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14950-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14950-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the quasinormal mode spectrum and grey-body factors of black holes in an effectively quantum-corrected spacetime, focusing on the influence of near-horizon modifications on observable quantities. Employing scalar, electromagnetic, and Dirac test fields, we analyze the perturbation equations and extract the fundamental quasinormal frequencies using both the 6th-order WKB method with Padé resummation and time-domain integration. Our results show that quantum corrections near the horizon significantly affect the real and imaginary parts of the quasinormal modes, particularly for low multipole numbers and in the near-extremal regime. We also verify the robustness of the correspondence between quasinormal modes and grey-body factors by comparing WKB results with those reconstructed from the dominant quasinormal modes. Across all field types and parameter ranges considered, the WKB method proves accurate within a few percent, confirming its reliability in probing the impact of near-horizon physics. These findings support the use of quasinormal ringing and Hawking radiation spectra as sensitive tools for testing quantum modifications of black hole spacetimes.\u0000\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14950-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Fractal geometry and morphological assessment of Metal-Dielectric nanocomposite films","authors":"Ivan Bolesta,&nbsp;Oleksii Kushnir,&nbsp;Halyna Klym,&nbsp;Ivan Karbovnyk,&nbsp;Marina Konuhova,&nbsp;Nadezda Kongi,&nbsp;Anatoli I. Popov","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-09060-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-09060-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing of NiCr-MOF@ZnO//PANI@AC on carbon paper electrode for energy storage and ultrasensitive L-Tryptophan sensor","authors":"Haitham Osman,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Amal Abdulrahman,&nbsp;A. M. Afzal,&nbsp;Zaina Algarni,&nbsp;Saba Khalil,&nbsp;M. A. Diab,&nbsp;Heba A. El-Sabban","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08926-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08926-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the NiCr-MOF@ZnO composite based electrode on carbon paper was fabricated using the hydrothermal methods. The NiCr-MOF@ZnO nanocomposite demonstrated a high specific capacitance of 1138.5 Fg⁻¹ in three-electrode assembly. Additionally, the NiCr-MOF@ZnO//PANI@AC hybrid supercapacitor reveals energy density (Ed) of 36.74 Wh kg⁻¹ and power density (Pd) of 1100 W kg⁻¹ with 81.56% capacity retention after 6000 cycles. Besides, the NiCr-MOF@ZnO nanocomposite is a chemical sensor for L-Tryptophan. The NiCr-MOF@ZnO-based sensor worked from 2 µM to 40 µM against detecting L-Trp. It exhibited the LOD of 0.05 µM and an extraordinary sensitivity (897 µA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²). It shows great potential for energy storage and electrochemical sensors. This work offerings an resourceful opportunity for developing productive and reliable hybrid supercapacitor electrode materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DFT study of vacancy induced defects in functionalized Sc2C MXenes and their impact on structural, electronic and optical response","authors":"Shahnaz Nazir,&nbsp;M. Shakil,&nbsp;Naeem ur Rehman,&nbsp;S. S. A. Gillani,&nbsp;I. Hussain,&nbsp;N. Bano,&nbsp;Abdullah K. Alanazi","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-09059-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-09059-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MXenes, a recently discovered class of two-dimensional (2D) materials consisting of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. In MXenes, the presence of defects at atomic level and functional groups are recognized for their significant impact on the physical behavior and functional properties. So, in this work density functional theory (DFT) approach is employed to investigate a non-terminated Sc₂C MXenes monolayer is considered with functionalization (F, O and OH functional groups) compositions; Sc₂CO_x(OH)_xF_1−2x, Sc₂CF_x(OH)_xO_1−2xand Sc₂CF_xO_x(OH)_1−2x and the introduction of carbon vacancy (Vc) in it as: Sc₂C-Vc, Sc₂CO_x(OH)_xF_1−2x-Vc, Sc₂CF_x(OH)_xO_1−2x-Vc and Sc₂CF_xO_x(OH)_1−2x-Vc. Negative binding energy of all considered compositions indicates their stability. Among all the designed compositions, the Sc₂C-Vc, Sc₂CF_0.125(OH)_0.125O_0.75, Sc₂CF_0.25O_0.25(OH)_0.5, and Sc₂CF_0.25O_0.25(OH)_0.5-Vccompositions exhibited a very narrows band gap indicating its semiconducting behavior as compared to non-terminated Sc₂C and all other mixed functionalized Vc composition. Further we investigated the effect of mixed functionalization and Vc introduction on optical properties such as absorption coefficient, dielectric function, conductivity, refractive index, reflectivity and loss function. Among all composition in case of mixed functionalization in lower energy region non-terminated Sc₂C and in higher energy region mixed functionalized compositions while in case of Vc compositions in lower energy region Sc₂C-Vc and in higher energy region other Vc compositions showed maximum value of absorption, refractive index and conductivity value.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stellar light scattering as a probe for a braneworld-induced baryogenesis scenario","authors":"Michaël Sarrazin","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14898-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14898-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A recent baryogenesis scenario (Sarrazin and Stasser in Phys Rev D 110:023520, 2024), rooted in a two-brane Universe model, proposed a solution to the matter–antimatter asymmetry through the dynamics of a new pseudo-scalar field. In the present paper, one investigates the phenomenological consequences of this proposal. One shows that the associated boson could persist as a relic from the early Universe, forming a subdominant component of dark matter. While its overall cosmological density is small (<span>(approx 0.2%)</span>), one demonstrates that a one-loop process facilitates an ultra-weak coupling to photons, leading to a distinctive scattering signature. One argues that this effect could produce a faint, glowing halo around massive, hot stars, characterized by a unique spectral decay. Detecting or constraining this elusive light with current and future instruments like the JWST would provide a powerful and direct observational test of the underlying braneworld dynamics and its connection to baryogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14898-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tidal stretching and compression in black bounce backgrounds","authors":"T. M. Crispim,&nbsp;Marcos V. S. de Silva,&nbsp;G. Alencar,&nbsp;Diego Sáez-Chillón Gómez","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14837-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14837-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Black bounces are compact objects that combine the structures of regular black holes with those of wormholes. These spacetimes exhibit a rich causal structure and can differ fundamentally from usual black holes. In this work, we study the behavior of the tidal forces by considering different black bounce models. To this end, we start with the geodesic deviation equation and the tidal tensor, from which we compute the radial and angular components of the tidal forces. We find that these components are finite throughout the entire spacetime, including at the wormhole throats. Through the components of the displacement vector, we observe that, unlike the Schwarzschild case, a compression effect on bodies may occur in certain regions.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14837-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative MCDM framework using topological indices for ranking vitamins based on solubility properties","authors":"Guoping Zhang,&nbsp;Yali Li,&nbsp;Shamaila Yousaf,&nbsp;Nabila Rani,&nbsp;Adnan Aslam","doi":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00528-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00528-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel, integrated framework that combines graph-theoretic topological indices with multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques to systematically rank vitamins based on their solubility properties. The molecular structures of eleven essential vitamins were translated into quantitative descriptors using six distinct topological indices, which serve as proxies for key physicochemical properties governing solubility. These indices were then employed as criteria within three well-established MCDM methods: VIKOR, TOPSIS, and SAW to generate robust rankings. To ensure comprehensive and unbiased analysis, four contrasting weighting strategies (point allocation, standard deviation, entropy, and mean weight) were utilized to determine the relative importance of each criterion. The results demonstrate a high degree of consensus across methodologies, consistently identifying <span>(alpha )</span>-tocopherol (vitamin E) and nicotinic acid (niacin) as the top- and bottom-ranked vitamins, respectively, while revealing nuanced differences in the mid-tier rankings based on the chosen MCDM approach and weighting scheme. This work underscores the significant potential of integrating computational chemistry with decision science to solve complex ranking problems in nutrition and pharmacology. The proposed framework offers a powerful, transparent, and reproducible tool for optimizing vitamin selection in dietary formulation and pharmaceutical design, paving the way for its application to other classes of compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":790,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal E","volume":"48 10-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: The Wigner formalism on black hole geometries","authors":"Jose A. R. Cembranos,&nbsp;David García García","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14897-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14897-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14897-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145352799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}