Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01715-8

Gyunghun Kim, Joseph Suh, Dayeong Lee, Namkyoo Park, Sunkyu Yu

引用次数: 0

Resource-efficient photonic networks for next-generation AI computing 下一代人工智能计算的资源高效光子网络

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01717-6

Ilker Oguz, Mustafa Yildirim, Jih-Liang Hsieh, Niyazi Ulas Dinc, Christophe Moser, Demetri Psaltis

引用次数: 0

High-integrated photonic tensor core utilizing high-dimensional lightwave and microwave multidomain multiplexing 利用高维光波和微波多域复用的高积分光子张量核心

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01706-9

Xiangyan Meng, Nuannuan Shi, Guojie Zhang, Junshen Li, Ye Jin, Shiyou Sun, Yichen Shen, Wei Li, Ninghua Zhu, Ming Li

{"title":"High-integrated photonic tensor core utilizing high-dimensional lightwave and microwave multidomain multiplexing","authors":"Xiangyan Meng, Nuannuan Shi, Guojie Zhang, Junshen Li, Ye Jin, Shiyou Sun, Yichen Shen, Wei Li, Ninghua Zhu, Ming Li","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01706-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01706-9","url":null,"abstract":"The burgeoning volume of parameters in artificial neural network models has posed substantial challenges to conventional tensor computing hardware. Benefiting from the available optical multidimensional information entropy, optical intelligent computing is used as an alternative solution to address the emerging challenges of electrical computing. These limitations, in terms of device size and photonic integration scale, have hindered the performance of optical chips. Herein, an ultrahigh computing density optical tensor processing unit (OTPU), which is grounded in an individual microring resonator (MRR), is introduced to respond to these challenges. Through the independent tuning of multiwavelength lasers, the operational capabilities of an MRR are orchestrated, culminating in the formation of an optical tensor core. This design facilitates the execution of tensor convolution operations via the lightwave and microwave multidomain hybrid multiplexing in terms of the time, wavelength, and frequency of microwaves. The experimental results for the MRR-based OTPU show an extraordinary computing density of 34.04 TOPS/mm2. Additionally, the achieved accuracy rate in recognizing MNIST handwritten digits was 96.41%. These outcomes signify a significant advancement toward the realization of high-performance optical tensor processing chips.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mesoporous carbon derived from lignin sulfonate as a sustainable cathode for high-performance aluminium batteries

IF 6.4 3区环境科学与生态学

Carbon Resources Conversion Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100301

Fathima Ali Kayakool , Harita Pant , Menestreau Paul , Glaydson Simões Dos Reis , Gopinathan Manavalan , Vadali Venkata Satya Siva Srikanth , Mikael Thyrel , Shaikshavali Petnikota

{"title":"Mesoporous carbon derived from lignin sulfonate as a sustainable cathode for high-performance aluminium batteries","authors":"Fathima Ali Kayakool , Harita Pant , Menestreau Paul , Glaydson Simões Dos Reis , Gopinathan Manavalan , Vadali Venkata Satya Siva Srikanth , Mikael Thyrel , Shaikshavali Petnikota","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of sustainable and efficient energy storage systems is crucial for addressing the growing global energy demand. This study investigates the potential of mesoporous carbon derived from lignin sulfonate as a cathode material for aluminium batteries. Lignin sulfonate, a by-product of the paper industry, was used as a precursor to synthesize mesoporous carbon through a facile and eco-friendly activation process. The resulting carbon material exhibited a high specific surface area of ∼ 2259 m2/g and a well-defined balance of micro- and meso- porosity, making it a promising cathode material for high-performance aluminium batteries. Electrochemical characterization showed that the mesoporous carbon cathode delivered an impressive specific capacity of 91 mAh/g at 1.0 A/g current density even after 7000 cycles with excellent cycling stability. It delivered superior rate capabilities of 105, 89, 80, 72, 67, 63, 90, and 105 mAh/g at 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, and 0.1 A/g current rates, respectively. The use of lignin-sulfonate as a precursor to prepare mesoporous carbon opens up a new sustainable way for improving the electrochemical performance of carbon-based cathode materials for aluminium batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discriminating circular polarization of light: Left or right? 分辨圆偏振光：左还是右？

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01694-w

引用次数: 0

Prediction and observation of topological modes in fractal nonlinear optics 分形非线性光学中拓扑模式的预测与观测

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01709-6

Boris A. Malomed

{"title":"Prediction and observation of topological modes in fractal nonlinear optics","authors":"Boris A. Malomed","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01709-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01709-6","url":null,"abstract":"This item from the News and Views (N&V) category aims to provide a summary of theoretical and experimental results recently published in ref. 24, which demonstrates the creation of corner modes in nonlinear optical waveguides of the higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) type. Actually, these are second-order HOTIs, in which the transverse dimension of the topologically protected edge modes is smaller than the bulk dimension (it is 2, in the case of optical waveguide) by 2, implying zero dimension of the protected modes, which are actually realized as corner or defect ones. Work24 reports the prediction and creation of various forms of the corner modes in a HOTI with a fractal transverse structure, represented by the Sierpiński gasket (SG). The self-focusing nonlinearity of the waveguide's material transforms the corner modes into corner solitons, almost all of which are stable. The solitons may be attached to external or internal corners created by the underlying SG. This N&V item offers an overview of these new findings reported in ref. 24 and other recent works, and a brief discussion of directions for further work on this topic.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phasor-FSTM: a new paradigm for multicolor super-resolution imaging of living cells based on fluorescence modulation and lifetime multiplexing 相位fstm：基于荧光调制和寿命复用的活细胞多色超分辨率成像的新范式

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01711-y

Luwei Wang, Yue Chen, Jiaqing Guo, Xiaoyu Weng, Wei Yan, Jun Song, Tong Ye, Junle Qu

{"title":"Phasor-FSTM: a new paradigm for multicolor super-resolution imaging of living cells based on fluorescence modulation and lifetime multiplexing","authors":"Luwei Wang, Yue Chen, Jiaqing Guo, Xiaoyu Weng, Wei Yan, Jun Song, Tong Ye, Junle Qu","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01711-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01711-y","url":null,"abstract":"Multicolor microscopy and super-resolution optical microscopy are two widely used techniques that greatly enhance the ability to distinguish and resolve structures in cellular imaging. These methods have individually transformed cellular imaging by allowing detailed visualization of cellular and subcellular structures, as well as organelle interactions. However, integrating multicolor and super-resolution microscopy into a single method remains challenging due to issues like spectral overlap, crosstalk, photobleaching, phototoxicity, and technical complexity. These challenges arise from the conflicting requirements of using different fluorophores for multicolor labeling and fluorophores with specific properties for super-resolution imaging. We propose a novel multicolor super-resolution imaging method called phasor-based fluorescence spatiotemporal modulation (Phasor-FSTM). This method uses time-resolved detection to acquire spatiotemporal data from encoded photons, employs phasor analysis to simultaneously separate multiple components, and applies fluorescence modulation to create super-resolution images. Phasor-FSTM enables the identification of multiple structural components with greater spatial accuracy on an enhanced laser scanning confocal microscope using a single-wavelength laser. To demonstrate the capabilities of Phasor-FSTM, we performed two-color to four-color super-resolution imaging at a resolution of ~λ/5 and observed the interactions of organelles in live cells during continuous imaging for a duration of over 20 min. Our method stands out for its simplicity and adaptability, seamlessly fitting into existing laser scanning microscopes without requiring multiple laser lines for excitation, which also provides a new avenue for other super-resolution imaging technologies based on different principles to build multi-color imaging systems with the requirement of a lower budget.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One-sided device-independent random number generation through fiber channels 单侧设备无关随机数通过光纤通道生成

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01641-9

Jinfang Zhang, Yi Li, Mengyu Zhao, Dongmei Han, Jun Liu, Meihong Wang, Qihuang Gong, Yu Xiang, Qiongyi He, Xiaolong Su

{"title":"One-sided device-independent random number generation through fiber channels","authors":"Jinfang Zhang, Yi Li, Mengyu Zhao, Dongmei Han, Jun Liu, Meihong Wang, Qihuang Gong, Yu Xiang, Qiongyi He, Xiaolong Su","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01641-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01641-9","url":null,"abstract":"Randomness is an essential resource and plays important roles in various applications ranging from cryptography to simulation of complex systems. Certified randomness from quantum process is ensured to have the element of privacy but usually relies on the device’s behavior. To certify randomness without the characterization for device, it is crucial to realize the one-sided device-independent random number generation based on quantum steering, which guarantees security of randomness and relaxes the demands of one party’s device. Here, we distribute quantum steering between two distant users through a 2 km fiber channel and generate quantum random numbers at the remote station with untrustworthy device. We certify the steering-based randomness by reconstructing covariance matrix of the Gaussian entangled state shared between distant parties. Then, the quantum random numbers with a generation rate of 7.06 Mbits/s are extracted from the measured amplitude quadrature fluctuation of the state owned by the remote party. Our results demonstrate the first realization of steering-based random numbers extraction in a practical fiber channel, which paves the way to the quantum random numbers generation in asymmetric networks.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More than just a name? From magnetic to optical skyrmions and the topology of light 不仅仅是一个名字？从磁性到光学天空和光的拓扑结构

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01708-7

Jian Chen, Andrew Forbes, Cheng-Wei Qiu

引用次数: 0

From light sensing to adaptive learning: hafnium diselenide reconfigurable memcapacitive devices in neuromorphic computing 从光感测到自适应学习：神经形态计算中的二硒化铪可重构记忆电容器件

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01698-6

Bashayr Alqahtani, Hanrui Li, Abdul Momin Syed, Nazek El-Atab

{"title":"From light sensing to adaptive learning: hafnium diselenide reconfigurable memcapacitive devices in neuromorphic computing","authors":"Bashayr Alqahtani, Hanrui Li, Abdul Momin Syed, Nazek El-Atab","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01698-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01698-6","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in neuromorphic computing have given an impetus to the development of systems with adaptive behavior, dynamic responses, and energy efficiency characteristics. Although charge-based or emerging memory technologies such as memristors have been developed to emulate synaptic plasticity, replicating the key functionality of neurons—integrating diverse presynaptic inputs to fire electrical impulses—has remained challenging. In this study, we developed reconfigurable metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCaps) based on hafnium diselenide (HfSe2). The proposed devices exhibit (1) optoelectronic synaptic features and perform separate stimulus-associated learning, indicating considerable adaptive neuron emulation, (2) dual light-enabled charge-trapping and memcapacitive behavior within the same MOSCap device, whose threshold voltage and capacitance vary based on the light intensity across the visible spectrum, (3) memcapacitor volatility tuning based on the biasing conditions, enabling the transition from volatile light sensing to non-volatile optical data retention. The reconfigurability and multifunctionality of MOSCap were used to integrate the device into a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model within a spiking neural network to dynamically adjust firing patterns based on light stimuli and detect exoplanets through variations in light intensity.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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