生命科学最新文献

{"title":"The Concentration of Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor 2 (TERF2) in Leukocyte Cells of Patients with Hepatitis","authors":"Endang Purwaningsih,&nbsp;Tripanjiasih Susmiarsih,&nbsp;Yenni Zulhamidah,&nbsp;Achmad Sofwan","doi":"10.1134/S1990750824600092","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990750824600092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis is a disease that attacks the organs of the human liver that causes inflammation that makes the liver function. Telomere length and telomerase activity in chronic liver disease and hepatocarcinoma correlate with disease severity. Telomeres are protected by her six shelterin proteins or telosome, namely TERF1/TRF1, TERF2/TRF2, POT1, TPP1, RAP1, and TIN2. TRF2 protein has an important role in regulating the molecular events that maintain telomere integrity. The objective of the research was to determine the concentration of TERF2 in leukocytes in patients with hepatitis. The research design method is descriptive with a case-control study involving 62 subjects. Blood samples were taken from patients with hepatitis from Klinik Pratama Prof. Qomariyah, which amounted to 32 people, including 8 males and 24 females (40–60 years). As a control, employees of YARSI University with the same age range, amounting to 24 people, including 20 men and 4 women. Measurements of TERF2 used the ELISA method. TERF2 protein concentrations in patients with hepatitis leukocytes were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) compared to controls. Similarly, TERF2 levels between male patients with male controls and between female patients with female controls also showed significant differences in sufficient concentration (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Instead, the concentrations of TERF2 between patients with hepatitis men and women did not have a difference. The concentration of TERF2 in leucocyte patients with hepatitis showed a concentration higher than in healthy people, both men and women.</p>","PeriodicalId":485,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry","volume":"18 3","pages":"249 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Pretreatment with Atorvastatin, Fenofibrate, or Both Drugs in a Mouse Model of Acute Lipemia Induced by the General Lipase Inhibitor Poloxamer 407","authors":"T. A. Korolenko,&nbsp;T. P. Johnston,&nbsp;N. V. Tamkovich,&nbsp;V. A. Vavilin,&nbsp;N. P. Bgatova,&nbsp;I. D. Ivanov,&nbsp;G. S. Russkikh,&nbsp;E. V. Koldysheva,&nbsp;E. C. Korolenko,&nbsp;V. I. Kapustina,&nbsp;S. I. Makarova,&nbsp;N. V. Goncharova,&nbsp;M. M. Gevorgyan,&nbsp;V. M. Loginova","doi":"10.1134/S1990750823600474","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990750823600474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dyslipidemia is a well-known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. The effects of combined pretreatment with atorvastatin and fenofibrate (Tricor) were studied in a mouse model of acute lipemia induced by a general lipase inhibitor, poloxamer 407 (P-407, 250 mg/kg). This lipemia is characterized by significantly increased serum levels of triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, together with decreased concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Atorvastatin pretreatment had a hypolipidemic effect, decreasing concentrations of LDL cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol. Pretreatment of mice with fenofibrate decreased TG level, increasing HDL cholesterol. Combined pretreatment with atorvastatin and fenofibrate decreased TG and total cholesterol. Elevation of the serum cystatin C level was found in control and lipemic mice pretreated with atorvastatin, fenofibrate, or both. Liver expression of lysosomal acid lipase increased in atorvastatin- or/and fenofibrate-pretreated groups of lipemic mice. It was concluded that increased expression of lysosomal acid lipase is related to the removal of lipid droplets from hepatocytes, thus preventing acute lipemia. Lastly, cystatin C may be a “theranostic” biomarker for hypolipidemic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":485,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry","volume":"18 3","pages":"214 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of Expression Vectors for Efficient Production of Recombinant Proteins in E. coli for the Development of Therapeutic Drugs","authors":"M. V. Zakharova,&nbsp;E. K. Mubarakshina,&nbsp;M. O. Nagornykh","doi":"10.1134/S1990750823600516","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990750823600516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When developing vaccines and immunotherapeutic and enzymatic drugs, it is usually necessary to obtain a functional protein preparation, which can later be used for immunization or analytical studies in the process of creating a drug. Production in <i>E. coli</i> bacterial cells is the fastest and cheapest way to obtain such proteins. However, recombinant proteins, when produced in <i>E. coli</i>, often form insoluble and functionally inactive aggregates. The purpose of this work is to create a set of expression vectors for rapid screening of optimal conditions for the production of recombinant proteins prone to aggregation in <i>E. coli</i> in soluble form. The work used modern genetic engineering methods, including optimization and <i>de novo</i> synthesis of nucleotide sequences encoding helper polypeptides. For the production and chromatographic purification of proteins, the standard strain BL21(DE3) and the affinity chromatography method using a metal chelate sorbent were used. As a result, a set of nine vectors with helper polypeptides was obtained to increase solubility and increase product yield during the production of recombinant proteins in <i>E. coli</i> cells. The efficiency of obtaining protein drugs prone to molecular aggregation using this set of vectors has been demonstrated by the exampe of three cytokines: interleukin-31 (IL-31), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1). The resulting set allows for rapid selection of a suitable helper polypeptide as well as optimization of conditions for obtaining a soluble form of recombinant proteins in <i>E. coli</i> during the pharmaceutical development of therapeutic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":485,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry","volume":"18 3","pages":"254 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a large, diverse population of maize near-isogenic lines","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tpj.17078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>RETRACTION:</b> L. Morales, A. C. Repka, K. L. Swarts, W. C. Stafstrom, Y. He, S. M. Sermons, Q. Yang, L. O. Lopez-Zuniga, E. Rucker, W. E. Thomason, R. J. Nelson, P. J. Balint-Kurti. “Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a large, diverse population of maize near-isogenic lines,” <i>The Plant Journal</i> 103, no. 3 (2020): 1246–1255. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14787.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The above article, published online on 29 April 2020, in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Katherine Denby; Society for Experimental Biology (SEB); and John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed following a report submitted by the authors indicating that the imputation of genotypes outlined in the article caused errors in the reported positions of introgressions in the lines. The authors also declared that some of the pedigree information is inaccurate. As a result, all authors agree that the paper must be retracted. The authors have stated their intention to publish a corrected report with improved analyses of introgression positions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"120 4","pages":"1693"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.17078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of clonally expanded γδ T-cell populations during CAR-T cell therapy.","authors":"Arman Safavi, Jerome Samir, Mandeep Singh, Martina Bonomi, Raymond Yip Louie, Kenneth Micklethwaite, Fabio Luciani","doi":"10.1111/imcb.12834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.12834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have shown promise for treating B cell malignancies, but the clinical outcome is influenced by both the CAR-T product and the patient's immune system. The role of γδ T cells in the context of CAR-T cell therapy remains poorly understood. This study investigates the transcriptional heterogeneity, clonal expansion and dynamics of γδ T cells in patients undergoing anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. Longitudinal single cell multi-omics analysis was performed on γδ T cells from four patients receiving anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. Single cell RNA-seq, antibody-based protein profiling (AbSeq) and full-length TCRγδ sequences revealed clonally expanded populations displaying plasticity in T cell differentiation, and temporal dynamics of large clones, suggesting ongoing expansion and differentiation. Clonally expanded γδ T cells had heterogeneous gene expression profiles, occupying seven transcriptionally distinct clusters. Analysis of chemokine markers indicated cluster-specific homing tendencies of circulating γδ T cells to peripheral tissues. We found unexpectedly high frequencies of Vδ1 and Vδ3 cells in the blood with distinct gene and protein expression profiles. This analysis provides insights into the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of γδ T cells following anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy, contributing valuable information for optimizing CAR-T cell therapies in B cell malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Non-Covalent Interactions of Human Serum Albumin with Doxorubicin and Folic Acid","authors":"I. A. Bauer,&nbsp;E. V. Dmitrienko","doi":"10.1134/S1990750823600413","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1990750823600413","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of effective delivery systems for antitumor drugs with increased specificity and controlled release is one of the challenges for biomedical chemistry. This paper presents studies of non-covalent interactions of human serum albumin, which may be a promising carrier for drug delivery, with antitumor antibiotic doxorubicin and folic acid, which have the potential of a guide ligand. Intermolecular interactions of doxorubicin and folic acid with human serum albumin were studied by spectroscopic methods at various pH levels and temperatures. The binding strength of doxorubicin and folic acid responded differently to pH changes. The affinity of the drug to protein increased with the transition from acidic to alkaline conditions, while pH 7.4 was optimal for binding for folic acid. In the case of the triple system, it was found that there was no significant effect of albumin complexation with folic acid on non-covalent interaction with doxorubicin. As expected, binding to these active compounds altered the conformation of the protein. At the same time, this change was minimal in physiological pH for folic acid and in alkaline for doxorubicin. Additionally, the therapeutic properties of doxorubicin, non-covalently bound to human serum albumin, were shown to be preserved in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":485,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry","volume":"18 3","pages":"231 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient duplications, multidimensional specializations, and defense role of hexokinases in wheat.","authors":"Xiaolin Tian, Fan Li, Jie Lin, Yun Xu, Kai Tian, Lihua Gu, Yanfeng Zhang, Jin-Rong Xu, Qinhu Wang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hexokinases (HXKs), which sense and catalyze cellular sugar, play a critical role in the growth and development of various plants, including wheat, a primary source of human calories frequently attacked by fungal pathogens. However, the evolutionary dynamics and functional diversification of HXKs in wheat, particularly their roles in plant defense, remain unclear. Here, we discovered that the wheat hexokinase gene family originated through multiple ancient gene duplications across different plant lineages and has undergone comprehensive, multidimensional functional specialization in gene expression, subcellular localization, enzyme activity, and regulation of plant defense responses. Gene expression analysis suggests that two-thirds of the TaHXK genes are responsive to fungal infection. Subcellular analysis reveals that while six TaHXKs are localized in mitochondria, three TaHXKs from different phylogenetic branches are sorted into other cellular compartments. Notably, biochemical analysis shows that TaHXKs in mitochondria differ in their glucose-catalyzing activity, with TaHXK5 and TaHXK3 exhibiting the highest and lowest enzyme activity, respectively. Consistently, transient expression analysis suggests that TaHXK5 induces various plant defense responses, while TaHXK3 is defective in activating some plant defense responses. Furthermore, inactivation of the glucokinase activity of TaHXK5 compromised its function in defense activation, suggesting that mitochondrial TaHXKs display functional divergence in both enzyme activity and defense-inducing activity that are intrinsically connected. Overall, our findings reveal that the multidimensional specialization events following the ancient duplication events may have shaped the functional diversity of HXKs in wheat, shedding light on their evolutionary dynamics and potentially contributing to the improvement of wheat defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Front Cover Image","authors":"Gaojie Li,&nbsp;Xuyao Zhao,&nbsp;Jingjing Yang,&nbsp;Shiqi Hu,&nbsp;Jathish Ponnu,&nbsp;Seisuke Kimura,&nbsp;Inhwan Hwang,&nbsp;Keiko U. Torii,&nbsp;Hongwei Hou","doi":"10.1111/pce.15287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Outside Front Cover: The cover image is based on the article <i>Water wisteria genome reveals environmental adaptation and heterophylly regulation in amphibious plants</i> by Gaojie Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15050.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":"47 12","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pce.15287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Multifunctional Anaphase Promoting Complex 7 (APC7) Gene Is Associated With Increased Plant Growth and Improved Resistance to DNA and RNA Viruses.","authors":"Bruna Gino de Araújo-Lopes, Marcos Fernando Basso, Thiago Bretz Carvalho, Patrícia Montessoro, Aline Köhn Carneiro, Aline Cunha da Silva, Marcelo de Freitas Lima, Nubia Barbosa Eloy, Fabio Nascimento da Silva, Flávia Thiebaut, Wallace de Paula Bernado, Eliemar Campostrini, Janice de Almeida Engler, Lygia Santiago-Fernandes, Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa, Adriana Silva Hemerly","doi":"10.1111/pce.15248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The anaphase promoting complex 7 (AtAPC7) is an APC/C subunit expressed in different organs of Arabidopsis thaliana and conserved among eukaryotes. A variant of the complete APC7 protein, containing its C-terminal region (named APC-CT), shows a high homology with a tobacco viral replication inhibitor (IVR-like) protein that reduces plant susceptibility to RNA viruses. Here, the role of the AtAPC7 gene was investigated by characterizing Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the full-length AtAPC7 (APC7^OE) and the C-terminal portion (APC7-CT^OE), by phenotypical, physiological and molecular approaches. APC7^OE plants showed improved growth of vegetative organs, earlier flowering and increased photosynthetic efficiency, CO₂ assimilation and productivity, compared with Col-0 control plants. Conversely, APC7-CT^OE plants showed reduced susceptibility to both RNA and DNA viruses, along with an improvement in plant growth, although not surpassing APC7^OE plants. Altogether, the data provide evidence for the role of the AtAPC7 in regulating cell division, expansion and differentiation, accompanied by an increase in photosynthetic capacity, resulting in enhanced plant biomass and seed yield. AtAPC7-CT might reduce growth-defence trade-offs, enabling plants to simultaneously defend themselves while promoting better growth. Our findings highlight the multifunctional role of AtAPC7, unveiling the potential of its orthologous genes as valuable biotechnological tools in important crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A plastidial lipoyl synthase LIP1p plays a crucial role in phosphate homeostasis in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Shenghong Ge, Xinlong Xiao, Ke Zhang, Changhong Yang, Jinsong Dong, Keying Chen, Qiuyu Lv, Viswanathan Satheesh, Mingguang Lei","doi":"10.1111/tpj.17117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.17117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is important for plant growth and adaptation to the dynamic environment, which requires the precise regulation of phosphate transporter (PHT) trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. LIPOYL SYNTHASE 1p (LIP1p) is known as a key enzyme in plastids to catalyze lipoylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex for de novo fatty acid synthesis. It is unknown whether this process is involved in regulating Pi homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate a new role of LIP1p in controlling Pi homeostasis by regulating PHT1 trafficking. We recovered a weak mutant allele of LIP1p in Arabidopsis that accumulates much less Pi and has enhanced expression of phosphate starvation-induced genes. LIP1p mutation alters the lipid profile and compromises vesicle trafficking of PHT1 to the plasma membrane to impair Pi uptake. Beside phosphorus, the homeostasis of a series of mineral nutrients was also perturbed in lip1p mutant. Our findings provide powerful genetic evidence to support the linkage between lipoylation and ion homeostasis in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}