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CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells and their role in immunity. CD4+组织驻留记忆T细胞及其在免疫中的作用。
IF 3.2 4区 医学
Immunology & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.70052
Margarida Kirkby, Marc Veldhoen
{"title":"CD4<sup>+</sup> tissue-resident memory T cells and their role in immunity.","authors":"Margarida Kirkby, Marc Veldhoen","doi":"10.1111/imcb.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imcb.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CD4<sup>+</sup> tissue-resident memory T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cells are essential for immune protection in the lungs, providing rapid responses against respiratory pathogens. Unlike circulating memory T cells, CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells persist in the tissue parenchyma and possibly inducible lymphoid tissues, where they facilitate pathogen clearance through cytokine production and interactions with local immune cells. While CD8<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells are well studied, the role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells in immunity remains less defined and is the focus of this review. Distinct subsets, based on the effector T<sub>H</sub>1, T<sub>H</sub>2, T<sub>H</sub>17 and T follicular helper (T<sub>FH</sub>)-like tissue-resident helper (T<sub>RH</sub>) cells, contribute to antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and vaccine-induced immunity. CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells play a key role in infections, enhancing immune responses and supporting antibody production. However, they are also implicated in chronic inflammation, allergies and fibrosis. Given their importance, vaccines aiming to elicit lung-resident CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells, particularly via mucosal delivery, have shown promise in inducing long-term protective immunity. Intranasal vaccination strategies, such as live-attenuated influenza virus and tuberculosis vaccines, have successfully generated CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells, highlighting their potential for respiratory pathogen control. In this review, we focus on CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells, their differentiation, maintenance and role, especially in the lungs.</p>","PeriodicalId":179,"journal":{"name":"Immunology & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In silico study of cytochrome-C binding to a cardiolipin-containing membrane. 细胞色素c与含心磷脂膜结合的硅片研究。
IF 2.2 4区 生物学
European Biophysics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-025-01783-7
Alessia Muroni, Fulvio Erba, Leonardo Domenichelli, Luisa Di Paola, Federica Sinibaldi, Giampiero Mei, Almerinda Di Venere, Velia Minicozzi
{"title":"In silico study of cytochrome-C binding to a cardiolipin-containing membrane.","authors":"Alessia Muroni, Fulvio Erba, Leonardo Domenichelli, Luisa Di Paola, Federica Sinibaldi, Giampiero Mei, Almerinda Di Venere, Velia Minicozzi","doi":"10.1007/s00249-025-01783-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-025-01783-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytochrome C is a key protein involved in electron transport within the mitochondrial respiratory chain and in apoptosis mechanisms. In this work, we provide a detailed theoretical analysis of the binding mechanism between cytochrome-C and a cardiolipin-containing membrane. Molecular dynamics simulations, along with protein contact network and fractal dimension analyses were employed to investigate the structural changes in cytochrome-C during the binding process. Our results suggest that cytochrome-C follows a two-step binding mechanism, starting with a rapid initial interaction, followed by slower conformational rearrangements. We identified two different cytochrome-C conformations at the membrane: a compact, native-like structure and an extended form. The latter, stabilized by Lys72, exhibits a higher binding affinity (≈ 2 kcal/mol) compared to the former. Protein extension also correlates with increased protein-membrane contact and altered heme ring orientation, suggesting that the partial unfolding of cytochrome-C could be crucial for its peroxidase activity and its role in apoptosis. These findings enhance the understanding of the cytochrome-C's membrane interactions and its diverse functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":548,"journal":{"name":"European Biophysics Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phosphoenolpyruvic Carboxylase Gene GmPPC6 Negatively Regulates Root System Development Under Low Phosphorus Stress in Soybean. 低磷胁迫下大豆磷酸烯醇丙酮羧化酶基因GmPPC6负调控根系发育
IF 6 1区 生物学
Plant, Cell & Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/pce.70083
Zhijie Yu, Mingming Zheng, Wenliang Yan, Xianlong Ding, Tuanjie Zhao, Shouping Yang
{"title":"Phosphoenolpyruvic Carboxylase Gene GmPPC6 Negatively Regulates Root System Development Under Low Phosphorus Stress in Soybean.","authors":"Zhijie Yu, Mingming Zheng, Wenliang Yan, Xianlong Ding, Tuanjie Zhao, Shouping Yang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Available phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil is one of the major factors limiting the growth and development of soybean. Although great efforts have been made to identify QTLs or genes related to low P stress in soybean, few studies have been reported on the root remodeling. Here, by performing genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 239 accessions and 62 124 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, 194 QTN regions related to seven root traits were screened, and 5 of 194 were colocated in at least three traits or environments. By performing comparative transcriptome analysis using low phosphorus tolerant genotype P375 and sensitive genotype P018 under low P stress, 621 DEGs were identified between normal and low P treatment and 1025 DEGs between P375 and P018. The integrated analysis of candidate genes within both QTLs and DEGs showed that GmPPC6 could be a staple gene. Overexpression and RNA interference of GmPPC6 in transgenic hairy roots indicated that GmPPC6 negatively affected root length (RL) and root surface area (SA) under low P stress. Together, this study further elucidates the systemic changes in genes induced by low P stress and provides valuable insight into the great potential of GmPPC6 under low P stress in soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RinRK1's extracellular domain acts as a host-specific gatekeeper for rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula rrk1的胞外结构域作为根瘤菌感染的宿主特异性守门人
IF 6.2 1区 生物学
The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.70340
Zhiqiong Zheng, Min Cai, Haiyue Liu, Xiaolin Li, Hanyu Xu, Kirankumar S. Mysore, Jiangqi Wen, Christian Staehelin, J. Allan Downie, Fanjiang Kong, Fang Xie
{"title":"RinRK1's extracellular domain acts as a host-specific gatekeeper for rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula","authors":"Zhiqiong Zheng,&nbsp;Min Cai,&nbsp;Haiyue Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolin Li,&nbsp;Hanyu Xu,&nbsp;Kirankumar S. Mysore,&nbsp;Jiangqi Wen,&nbsp;Christian Staehelin,&nbsp;J. Allan Downie,&nbsp;Fanjiang Kong,&nbsp;Fang Xie","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70340","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Legume nodulation by nitrogen-fixing rhizobia displays strict host specificity, primarily determined by rhizobial nodulation factors (NFs). While the kinase domain of NF receptors in <i>Lotus japonicus</i> suffices for nodule organogenesis, their extracellular domains govern rhizobial infection. In <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i>, specific NF modifications (<i>nodL</i>-dependent acetylation and <i>nodF-</i>dependent <i>N</i>-linked C16:2 acyl chains) are critical for infecting certain <i>Medicago truncatula</i> ecotypes, with LYK2bis essential for <i>nodL</i>-mediated infection. However, how NF receptors discern NF modifications to enable rhizobial infection remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that <i>M. truncatula</i> RinRK1 (MtRinRK1) interacts with NF receptors and is indispensable for root hair infection of ecotype R108 by <i>S. meliloti nodF nodL</i> mutant producing modified NFs. Notably, a screen of 50 <i>M. truncatula</i> natural variants revealed only R108 forms functional nodules with <i>S. meliloti nodF nodL</i>, and we pinpointed three residues in MtRinRK1 extracellular domains essential for this infection. Despite homology with <i>L. japonicus</i> RinRK1 (LjRinRK1), these proteins are functionally non-interchangeable, with their extracellular domains acting as host-specific determinants. Our findings establish RinRK1 as a core regulator of NF-dependent host specificity in rhizobia infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photosynthetic Heat Tolerance Partially Acclimates to Growth Temperature in Tropical Montane Tree Species. 热带山地树种光合耐热性部分适应生长温度。
IF 6 1区 生物学
Plant, Cell & Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/pce.70079
Olivier Jean Leonce Manzi, Myriam Mujawamariya, Lasse Tarvainen, Camille Ziegler, Mats X Andersson, Mirindi Eric Dusenge, Astrid Fridell, Heather Reese, Cornelia Spetea, Felicien K Uwizeye, Maria Wittemann, Donat Nsabimana, Göran Wallin, Johan Uddling
{"title":"Photosynthetic Heat Tolerance Partially Acclimates to Growth Temperature in Tropical Montane Tree Species.","authors":"Olivier Jean Leonce Manzi, Myriam Mujawamariya, Lasse Tarvainen, Camille Ziegler, Mats X Andersson, Mirindi Eric Dusenge, Astrid Fridell, Heather Reese, Cornelia Spetea, Felicien K Uwizeye, Maria Wittemann, Donat Nsabimana, Göran Wallin, Johan Uddling","doi":"10.1111/pce.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate warming increases the risk of harmful leaf temperatures in terrestrial plants, particularly in tropical tree species that have evolved in warm and thermally stable environments. We examined heat tolerance thresholds of photosynthetic light reactions in sun-exposed leaves of 12 tropical montane tree species with different strategies for growth and water use. Leaf chlorophyll a fluorescence, gas exchange, morphology and thylakoid membrane lipid composition were measured at three common gardens along an elevation and temperature gradient in Rwanda. Tree species with traits predisposing them to higher leaf temperatures, such as lower stomatal conductance and large leaves, had higher photosynthetic heat tolerance, but narrower thermal safety margins (TSMs). Photosynthetic heat tolerance partially acclimated to increased growth temperature, increasing by 0.31°C on average for every 1°C increase in growth temperature. Thus, TSMs were narrower for trees grown at the warmer sites. Heat tolerance and its acclimation were linked to the adjustment of thylakoid membrane lipid composition. Moreover, TSMs were larger in species with high leaf mass per area. Our results show that (i) leaf temperature is more important than heat tolerance in controlling interspecific variation in TSMs, and that (ii) tropical trees have limited ability to thermally acclimate to increasing temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic analyses of three Acanthus L. species provide insight into polyploidization-driven speciation and evolution 三种棘豆的基因组分析提供了多倍体驱动的物种形成和进化的见解
IF 6.2 1区 生物学
The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.70361
Hui Feng, Wuxia Guo, Achyut Kumar Banerjee, Zhuangwei Hou, Hao Peng, Xuming Zhao, Minghui Yin, Fuyuan Duan, Yelin Huang
{"title":"Genomic analyses of three Acanthus L. species provide insight into polyploidization-driven speciation and evolution","authors":"Hui Feng,&nbsp;Wuxia Guo,&nbsp;Achyut Kumar Banerjee,&nbsp;Zhuangwei Hou,&nbsp;Hao Peng,&nbsp;Xuming Zhao,&nbsp;Minghui Yin,&nbsp;Fuyuan Duan,&nbsp;Yelin Huang","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70361","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allopolyploidy fundamentally influences plant evolution, yet the genomic dynamics of allotetraploidization remain incompletely understood. We investigated <i>Acanthus tetraploideus</i> (2<i>n</i> = 4<i>x</i> = 96), an ecologically significant allotetraploid true mangrove from Indo-West Pacific intertidal zones. Our prior integrative investigations indicate that <i>A. tetraploideus</i> originated through hybridization of the diploid species <i>A. ilicifolius</i> and <i>A. ebracteatus</i> with subsequent chromosome doubling. Here, we present complete chromosome-scale genome assemblies for all three species, representing the first genomic resources for true mangrove polyploid research. Our analysis reveals that the three species have experienced at least four rounds of polyploidization events, with the most recent, approximately 53 mya, possibly an <i>Acanthus</i>-specific event. The allotetraploid <i>A. tetraploideus</i>, which emerged between 1.5 and 2.2 mya, has <i>A. ebracteatus</i> as its maternal progenitor and <i>A. ilicifolius</i> as its paternal one. Through a comprehensive genomic comparison and analysis of homoeologous gene expression, we propose a gradual evolutionary trajectory for allotetraploidy in <i>A. tetraploideus</i>. Despite the allotetraploidization event dating back to around 2 mya, <i>A. tetraploideus</i> retains a high degree of colinearity with its ancestral genomes, with the majority (76.2%) of duplicated genes retained and no significant sub-genome bias in gene expression. Furthermore, we have identified positive selection in specific genes that may facilitate the adaptation of <i>Acanthus</i> mangrove species to their intertidal habitats. These findings establish <i>A. tetraploideus</i> as a model for studying allopolyploid evolution while providing new insights into mangrove speciation processes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drought-Induced ABA Suppresses Geminivirus Replication by Downregulating PCNA Expression via the Transcription Factor NAC072. 干旱诱导ABA通过转录因子NAC072下调PCNA表达抑制双病毒复制
IF 6 1区 生物学
Plant, Cell & Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/pce.70084
Yu-Jie Chi, Chan Zhao, Jia-Jing Wang, Rui Xie, Na Chen, Shu-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wei Wang
{"title":"Drought-Induced ABA Suppresses Geminivirus Replication by Downregulating PCNA Expression via the Transcription Factor NAC072.","authors":"Yu-Jie Chi, Chan Zhao, Jia-Jing Wang, Rui Xie, Na Chen, Shu-Sheng Liu, Xiao-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Geminiviruses, mainly transmitted by whitefly Bemisia tabaci, pose significant constrains to agricultural productivity. Under climate change, drought conditions may contribute to the spread of geminiviruses through creating favourable conditions for whitefly proliferation. Additionally, lots of geminiviruses could enhance plant drought tolerance, supporting their survival and propagation. However, the effects of drought stress on plant resistance to geminiviruses remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that drought stress significantly reduces the accumulation of DNA viruses, including tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus, while the accumulation of the +ssRNA virus turnip mosaic virus remains unaffected. We show that drought does not affect RNA silencing pathway. Interestingly, drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) inhibits geminiviruses replication by reprogramming the cell cycle and suppressing the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a component of DNA replication complex. Moreover, we identify that the ABA-responsive transcription factor NAC072 directly binds to the PCNA promoter, negatively regulating its expression. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the ABA-mediated resistance against DNA viruses during drought stress and highlight the critical role of ABA in integrating plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative transcriptomics uncovers poplar and fungal genetic determinants of ectomycorrhizal compatibility 比较转录组学揭示了杨树和真菌外生菌根相容性的遗传决定因素
IF 6.2 1区 生物学
The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.70352
José Eduardo Marqués-Gálvez, Maira de Freitas Pereira, Uwe Nehls, Joske Ruytinx, Kerrie Barry, Martina Peter, Francis Martin, Igor V. Grigoriev, Claire Veneault-Fourrey, Annegret Kohler
{"title":"Comparative transcriptomics uncovers poplar and fungal genetic determinants of ectomycorrhizal compatibility","authors":"José Eduardo Marqués-Gálvez,&nbsp;Maira de Freitas Pereira,&nbsp;Uwe Nehls,&nbsp;Joske Ruytinx,&nbsp;Kerrie Barry,&nbsp;Martina Peter,&nbsp;Francis Martin,&nbsp;Igor V. Grigoriev,&nbsp;Claire Veneault-Fourrey,&nbsp;Annegret Kohler","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis supports tree growth and is crucial for nutrient cycling and temperate and boreal ecosystems functioning. The establishment of functional ectomycorrhiza (ECM) first requires the association of compatible partners. However, host and fungal genetic determinants governing mycorrhizal compatibility are unknown. To identify such factors in poplar and its fungal associates, we mined existing and <i>de novo</i> tree and fungal transcriptional datasets. We identified co-expressed genes enabling ECM symbiosis at early and mature stages of the interaction. These sets of genes can be divided into general fungal-sensing and ECM-specific components. We highlight the importance of fungal modulation of plant JA-related defenses and the regulation of secretory pathways for ECM compatibility, including upregulation of key fungal small secreted proteins, the downregulation of plant secreted peroxidases, and the downregulation of plant cell wall remodeling proteins concomitantly with the upregulation of fungal glycosyl hydrolases acting on pectin. Not only gene regulation, but also its temporal scale and dynamics seem to play a crucial role for mycorrhizal compatibility. The expression profile of the host Common Symbiosis Pathway and nutrient transporters was also studied, revealing constitutive levels of expression and moderate upregulation in compatible ECM interactions. Overall, these results underscore the importance of novel biological functions during the establishment of ECM symbiosis, help us gain insights into the molecular events determining mycorrhiza compatibility, and serve as a data-rich transcriptomic resource to open new research questions in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/tpj.70352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polar Lipid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Oat Groats Substantially Influenced by Field Management: A Comparison of Cultivars, Sowing Times and Fertilizer Composition. 田间管理对燕麦籽粒极性脂肪和脂肪酸分布的影响:品种、播期和肥料组成的比较
IF 6 1区 生物学
Plant, Cell & Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/pce.70080
Syed Rehmat Ullah Shah, Lena Engström, Carl Grey, Anders Jonsson, Johanna Wetterlind, Cecilia Tullberg
{"title":"Polar Lipid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Oat Groats Substantially Influenced by Field Management: A Comparison of Cultivars, Sowing Times and Fertilizer Composition.","authors":"Syed Rehmat Ullah Shah, Lena Engström, Carl Grey, Anders Jonsson, Johanna Wetterlind, Cecilia Tullberg","doi":"10.1111/pce.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The polar lipids in oat grains are crucial due to their biological functions, nutritional quality, potential use in food flavour and processing, the protection they provide against biotic and abiotic stresses, and their ability to act as cellular signalling molecules. In this study, we present novel findings about the impacts of fertilization and field management on oat polar lipid and fatty acid (FA) patterns. We evaluated the effects of two sowing-dates and fertilization combinations on the grain lipid and fatty acid composition of high-, medium- and low-oil-containing cultivars (CV): Fatima, Belinda and Symphony. Oat groats contain three major lipid classes: phospholipids, dominated by phosphatidylcholine (PC); glycolipids, with digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) being the main class of these; and sterols. A shift in the lipid profile from phospholipid to sterol biosynthesis was observed when only N was supplied compared with full fertilization, which included several macro- and micronutrients. The membrane lipid DGDG in oat grain was found to be a very unstable trait and was subjected to interactions between the genotypes and the treatments. Oats are rich in unsaturated FAs, specifically oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2). Among the three cultivars, the high-fat-containing cultivar CV Fatima had a greater oleic acid content, while the low-fat-containing CV Symphony had a greater percentage of linoleic acid, followed by Belinda. Compared with only N fertilization, full fertilization significantly increased the level of unsaturated FAs but reduced the stability of the lipids, as indicated by a lower oleic to linoleic acid ratio. Further investigation is required to address the consequences of polar lipid variability on the structural integrity of plant cell membranes, seed health and viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The HD-ZIP I transcription factor ClLL1 regulates lobed leaf development through the auxin pathway in watermelon HD-ZIP I转录因子ClLL1通过生长素途径调控西瓜裂叶发育
IF 6.2 1区 生物学
The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.70366
Xing Yan, Zhen Yue, Shiyu Li, Xiner Chen, Xin Huang, Mengjiao Feng, Zhongyuan Wang, Siyu Zhang, Feishi Luan, Shi Liu, Rong Yu, Hao Li, Li Yuan, Xian Zhang, Chunhua Wei
{"title":"The HD-ZIP I transcription factor ClLL1 regulates lobed leaf development through the auxin pathway in watermelon","authors":"Xing Yan,&nbsp;Zhen Yue,&nbsp;Shiyu Li,&nbsp;Xiner Chen,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Mengjiao Feng,&nbsp;Zhongyuan Wang,&nbsp;Siyu Zhang,&nbsp;Feishi Luan,&nbsp;Shi Liu,&nbsp;Rong Yu,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Li Yuan,&nbsp;Xian Zhang,&nbsp;Chunhua Wei","doi":"10.1111/tpj.70366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.70366","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Watermelon exhibits deeply lobed leaves, distinct from its close cucurbit relatives such as melon and cucumber. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying lobed-leaf development in watermelon remain elusive. In this study, we successfully delimited the lobed-leaf regulatory gene, <i>ClLL1</i>, into a 29.14-Kb interval on chromosome 4 and verified that its loss-function results in non-lobed leaves. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that <i>ClLL1</i> is a putative orthologue of <i>AtHB22</i> within the class I of HD-ZIP transcription factor family, distinct from the well-characterized <i>LMI1</i>/<i>RCO</i> lineage. Notably, <i>ClLL1</i> displays exceptional sequence conservation among watermelon lobed-leaf germplasms. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ClLL1 forms homodimers and autoregulates its own expression through direct promoter binding, establishing a dose-dependent relationship with leaf lobation severity. Furthermore, ClLL1 directly activates the auxin efflux carrier gene <i>ClPIN1</i>, linking leaf-shape determination to auxin signaling. This regulatory network was corroborated by exogenous application of the auxin transport inhibitor NPA and auxin (IAA), which significantly altered leaf margin phenotypes. Our results establish a ClLL1-mediated auxin pathway in watermelon leaf-shape formation, providing new insights into the functions of the <i>ClLL1</i> lineage in Cucurbitaceae.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":233,"journal":{"name":"The Plant Journal","volume":"123 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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