环境•农林最新文献

{"title":"Accumulation of Particulate Matter, Heavy Metals, and Air Pollution Tolerance Index of 10 Species of Urban Forest Plants","authors":"Jihye Park,&nbsp;Huong-Thi Bui,&nbsp;Eunyoung Lee,&nbsp;Hyeon-Su Lim,&nbsp;Heung-Bin Lim,&nbsp;Bong-Ju Park","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07875-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07875-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid industrialization and economic development have exacerbated air pollution. Among air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) has notable harmful effects on humans. Additional measures are necessary to reduce PM content in the air, as it does not dissolve naturally. Plant leaves, which accumulate PM, can serve as biological filters. Urban forests positively impact the health of city dwellers by acting as natural filters to reduce PM content and improve air quality. This study aimed to examine the leaves of 10 different woody plants from urban forests for biomonitoring purposes and evaluate their effectiveness for urban greening through the estimation of accumulated PM and the air pollution tolerance index (APTI). These species exhibited varying PM accumulation levels and APTI. The APTI was highest in <i>Acer triflorum</i> and lowest in <i>Prunus serotina</i>. The accumulation of surface PM₁₀ (sPM₁₀) was highest in <i>Juniperus chinensis</i> and lowest in <i>P</i>. <i>serotina</i>. The accumulation of sPM_2.5 was highest in <i>Acer triflorum</i> and lowest in <i>Magnolia denudata</i>. The in-wax PM₁₀ (wPM₁₀) and wPM_2.5 accumulations were highest in <i>Abies holophylla</i> and lowest in <i>M</i>. <i>denudata</i>. In addition to PM, the plants analysed in this study accumulated heavy metals (HMs), with the average concentrations measured in the following descending order Mn &gt; Sr &gt; Zn &gt; Rb &gt; Cu &gt; Cr &gt; Pb. Among them, Mn, Zn, and Sr constituted a large proportion, whereas Pb was detected only in some plants. These results suggest the potential of the studied plants to enhance sustainability and their reactivity to pollutants, which could be exploited to improve plant-based purification technologies as biofilters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Diesel Oil-Contaminated Water Using Hydrochar Derived from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Aloe Vera Leaves","authors":"Ngoc-Thuy Vu,&nbsp;Luong Huyen Trang,&nbsp;Chung Nguyen Thuy,&nbsp;Thi-Anh Tuyet Nguyen,&nbsp;Erdal Yabalak,&nbsp;Dimitrios Kalderis","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07881-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07881-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cultivation of aloe vera and the exploitation of the valuable gel is an emerging agro-industry in various parts of the world, including the Mediterranean region and south-east Asia. Following the separation of the gel from the aloe vera leaf, the latter is considered waste and a sustainable valorization pathway has not been established so far. Due to its high moisture content, it is well-suited for hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). In this study, HTC of aloe vera leaves was carried out at temperatures of 180—220 °C and residence times of 2- 8 h. After an initial screening of the hydrochars for diesel oil (DO) adsorption, the optimum sample was prepared at 180 °C and 2 h treatment time (AV-180–2). This sample was characterized using elemental and surface analysis methods and was used without modification in the adsorption DO from aqueous solutions. The maximum achievable adsorption capacity of hydrochar AV-180–2 was 12 g g⁻¹ at 25 °C, with an initial DO content of 10 g L⁻¹, rotating speed of 100 rpm, hydrochar quantity of 1.0 g L⁻¹ and pH ~ 7.0, adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 15 min of contact time. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a correlation coefficient R² = 0.995. The experimental data fitted best to the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.998) and the thermodynamic study indicated a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. Overall, hydrothermal carbonization offers a new and sustainable exploitation pathway for aloe vera waste and the hydrochars showed a promising behaviour towards DO-contaminated aqueous phases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-07881-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process Optimization Strategy: An Efficient Approach for Degradation of Synthetic Direct Black 15 Dye by Citrobacter freundii","authors":"Manikandan Kathavarayan,&nbsp;Mangala Lakshmi Ragavan,&nbsp;Ranjani Soundhararajan,&nbsp;Hemalatha Srinivasan","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07856-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07856-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Textile industrial effluent is contaminated with resilient azo dyes. This study focuses on incorporating biological approaches for effective dye degradation in treating textile industry waste water effluents. A bacterial strain <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> with the ability to break down synthetic textile dyes was identified. The optimal conditions for degradation were obtained using response surface methodology (RSM). Among the three variables (A- temperature; B- inoculum concentration; C- time), AC and BC showed the most significant impact on dye degradation (&gt; 90%). Efficient degradation of around 90% was achieved for the direct black 15 dye utilized in this study. To validate the degradation process, both the treated and untreated direct black dyes were subjected to characterization by UV–visible spectroscopy, gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier-transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Molecular docking studies revealed an interaction between azo dyes and enzymes namely laccase and peroxidase of <i>Citrobacter freundii</i>. Phytotoxicity assessment of the degraded dye in <i>Vigna radiata</i> seedlings confirmed the non-toxic nature of the degraded compounds. The results suggest that biodegradation by employing <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> is an effective alternative to degrade textile black dye.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Macrophyte-Assisted Vermifiltration for Synthetic Dairy Wastewater: Investigating the Impact of Filter Bed Clogging and Hydraulic Retention Time on Organics Removal","authors":"K. Hasim Suhaib,&nbsp;Puspendu Bhunia","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07882-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07882-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Full factorial central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize and investigate the effects of major operational parameters such as organic strength, total suspended solids (TSS), and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of the influent wastewater, which influenced the efficiency of organics (Chemical oxygen demand (COD)) removal from dairy wastewater using horizontal subsurface flow macrophyte-assisted vermifilter (HSSF-MAVF). The model obtained from RSM analysis was a quadratic polynomial model with a R² value of 0.99. The optimum condition for the maximum COD removal was obtained at organic strength of 2550 mg/L, TSS concentration of 950 mg/L, and HLR of 1 m³/m²/d. Furthermore, at optimum conditions, COD removal effectiveness of 92.3% was achieved against the predicted COD removal rate of 95.3%. Similarly, validation of the model with real dairy wastewater has given minimal error (2.8%) against the predicted COD removal efficiency. The research also investigated the impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the vermifiltration and interactive effects of operational parameters on clogging and its impacts on the efficiency of organics removal. The findings demonstrated that vermifiltration at a higher value of operational and design parameters created severe clogging and ponding of wastewater in the filter bed and had a detrimental effect on the rates of organics removal. With the increase in HRT, the treatment performance of the vermifilter improved. Removal efficiencies for COD, TN, and TP were 29%, 7%, and 10% higher, respectively, at an HRT of 9.8 h compared to 2.7 h.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amendment of Nutrient-deficient Alluvial Soil by Municipal Solid Waste Char and Compost for the Remediation of Contaminants and Enhancement of Plant Growth","authors":"Silvia Saikia,&nbsp;Harsh Prit,&nbsp;Krishna Chaitanya Maturi,&nbsp;Ajay S. Kalamdhad","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07872-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07872-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the effects of municipal solid waste (MSW) char and compost amendments on alluvial soil over 120 days. Results showed improved soil properties with reduced bulk density by 12%, increased porosity by 14%, cation exchange capacity (CEC) by 6.14-fold, 11.3% increase in pH, soil organic matter (SOC) and soil organic carbon increased by 5.49 and 2.27-fold, respectively. Nutrient levels initially rose with higher amendment doses but declined over time, staying above control levels. Heavy metal availability was lower with the application of 1% MSW char alone, while the combined application of char with compost increased exchangeable metal bioavailability. A pot study with Okra showed reduced heavy metal uptake and improved plant growth compared to the control. Overall, the combined use of MSW char and compost boosts soil health and plant growth, while MSW char alone effectively reduces heavy metal availability in soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Nitrogen Removal from Tailwater in Constructed Wetlands with Plant Carbon Source addition and Z-nZVI Substrate","authors":"Xingyu Fang,&nbsp;Mingming Yang,&nbsp;Jinhui Zhao,&nbsp;Shuyu Luo,&nbsp;Boyan Xu,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07839-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07839-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The discharge of treated effluent from sewage treatment plants, commonly referred to as tailwater, can lead to particular pollution in the receiving water bodies. Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a cost-effective and straightforward approach to tailwater treatment. However, they often have a limited capacity for removing residual chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen due to poor biodegradability of the remaining organic substances, resulting in insufficient carbon sources for denitrification. To address these constraints, a synergistic combination of plant-derived carbon sources and zeolite-loaded nano-zero-valent iron (Z-nZVI) materials were employed to enhance the nitrogen removal efficiency within CWs. Z-nZVI facilitated the transformation of nitrate (NO₃⁻–N) and nitrite (NO₂⁻–N) into ammonium (NH₄⁺–N), which was subsequently eliminated via zeolite adsorption through physical–chemical processes. Then, introducing plant carbon source (PCS) augmented biological denitrification. Under optimized conditions with a C/N ratio of 3.5, the addition of both PCS and Z-nZVI led to removal rates of 85.34 ± 2.44% for NH₄⁺–N, 85.24 ± 1.58% for NO₃⁻–N, and 84.32 ± 0.77% for total nitrogen (TN) in the CW system. These represented average improvements of 17.37%, 60.48%, and 51.50% for NH₄⁺–N, NO₃⁻–N, and TN respectively, compared to the control wetland without intervention. This study introduces a novel strategy to boost nitrogen removal efficacy in treated wastewater within CWs, utilizing PCS and Z-nZVI, thus offering a valuable reference for treating low C/N ratio wastewater in CWs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape-Engineered Ag/Ag₂O/CuO Nanostructures for Synergistic Agrochemical Remediation and Microbial Inhibition","authors":"Monika Kherwal, Akanksha Gupta, Ravinder Kumar, Vijay Kumar Goel, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Priyanka Jhajharia, Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.1039/d5en00156k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5en00156k","url":null,"abstract":"The global society widely utilises pesticides to enhance agricultural productivity. These pesticides adversely affect the environment by leaching into groundwater and contaminating crops. To tackle this issue, we have synthesized Ag/Ag2O/CuO nanocomposite (NC) using one pot hydrothermal synthesis process at a low temperature as a potential source for the removal of toxins from wastewater. Comprehensive characterization of the NC was performed using various analytical techniques. The PXRD analysis confirms the synthesis of Ag/Ag2O/CuO NC. XPS validates a peak at 367.5 eV in the core level high-resolution spectra of Ag (O), which was fitted by a Gaussian profile, results in the 16.75% and 11.64% concentration of Ag and Ag+ ions respectively. DRS analysis observed a significant shift in the band gap from 1.51 to 1.65 eV in NC, this blue shift is attributed to the Moss-Burstein effect, due to the addition of high concentration of silver. The improved performance of the NC as photocatalysts can be attributed to the existence of oxygen vacancies, as confirmed by XPS investigation and EPR spectrum. The photodegradation of isoproturon has been performed using UV Light and produced Ag/Ag2O/CuO NC which exhibits photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 98%. The photocatalyst was also explored for its effectiveness in regeneration and repurposing of isoproturon photodegradation. Antibacterial activity against E. coli and Streptomyces toxytricini strain is observed and results in effective inhibition of the growth of bacteria using the produced NC.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Performance Batch Adsorption of Methylene Blue Using Desert Date Seed Shell Activated Carbon: Characterization and Response Surface Methodology Optimization","authors":"Mosaab A. Elbager,&nbsp;Hamza. A. Asmaly,&nbsp;Mohammad Al-Suwaiyan,&nbsp;Ahmed I. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hatim Dafallah","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07880-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07880-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explores the development of activated carbon from Desert Date Seed Shells (DDSSAC) for methylene blue removal. The activated carbon was synthesized using an innovative preparation method involving chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH), carbonization at an unprecedented high temperature of 850 °C, and a controlled argon atmosphere. This method resulted in a remarkable BET surface area of 2768 m²/g, the highest reported for biomass-derived activated carbon. The TGA, XRD, SEM, and FTIR analyses demonstrated that the activated carbon exhibits high thermal stability, an amorphous carbon structure, a complex porous texture, and the presence of oxygenated functional groups and aromatic structures, respectively. The adsorption process was optimized using response surface methodology coupled with central composite design by studying the effect of adsorbent weight (3, 5, 7) mg, pH of the solution (4, 7, 10), and initial methylene blue concentration (100, 200, 300) mg/L. The fitted model, an inverse square root transformed reduced quadratic model, exhibited excellent predictive accuracy, as indicated by a high R² value of 0.9932. The RSM study showed that the adsorption capacity increased with the decrease in adsorbent weight and the increase in the pH of the solution and methylene blue (MB) concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity was 1684 mg/g, which was achieved at an adsorbent weight of 3 mg, pH of 10, and MB concentration of 300 mg/L due to enhanced electrostatic attraction at high pH, efficient utilization of active sites with low adsorbent weight, and a strong mass transfer driving force at higher dye concentration. The kinetic analysis showed that the Elovich model (R² = 0.9946) best described the adsorption process, indicating a rapid initial adsorption phase followed by gradual site saturation. The isotherm study revealed that the Temkin model provided the best fit (R² = 0.8994), highlighting uniform heat distribution and consistent interactions between the adsorbent and methylene blue molecules. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of DDSSAC was 716 mg/g, outperforming other activated carbons derived from agricultural waste referring to hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic attraction between MB and the carbon surface. These findings establish desert date seed shells activated carbon as a highly effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for methylene blue removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Plastic and Artificial Cellulose Ingestion by Freshwater Turtles in the Amazon","authors":"Ana Laura Pereira Santos,&nbsp;Tamires de Almeida Pereira de Oliveira,&nbsp;Laura Sforzi,&nbsp;Juarez Carlos Brito Pezzuti,&nbsp;Priscila Saikoski Miorando,&nbsp;Luane Gabriela Botelho Rebelo,&nbsp;Andréa Magalhães Bezerra,&nbsp;Tania Martellini,&nbsp;David Chelazzi,&nbsp;Alessandra Cincinelli,&nbsp;Tommaso Giarrizzo,&nbsp;Marcelo Ândrade","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07877-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07877-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic and other synthetic polymers pose a significant threat to wildlife, particularly aquatic organisms. Numerous reports have documented instances of animals, including fish, cetaceans, birds, and turtles, ingesting plastic. While the Chelonian group has received considerable attention in relation to plastic pollution, most studies have primarily focused on marine turtles. Despite the higher richness, only five species of freshwater turtles have been reported to consume plastic. To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first report of plastic and artificial cellulose ingestion by freshwater turtles in the Amazon region. Our findings indicate that 20% of <i>Podocnemis unifilis</i> and 60% of <i>Kinosternon scorpioides</i> had ingested artificial polymers. All polymers ingested by <i>P. unifilis</i> were categorized as microparticles, while 37.5% of the fragments ingested by <i>K. scorpioides</i> were mesoparticles. The identified meso- and microparticles included polysaccharide gum, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, latex, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Additionally, artificial cellulose particles were the most frequently detected particles. These polymers likely originated from sources such as plastic bags, fishing gear, and the washing of textiles, highlighting potential inadequacies in the region's sewage disposal system. These findings provide new evidence of the potential threat posed by artificial polymers to freshwater turtles in the Amazon region despite the favorable conservation status of the collection locations. Consequently, further studies are required to identify the presence and impact of artificial polymers on aquatic habitats and organisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequent Irrigation of Silage Maize in Soil Containing Sewage Sludge Reduces Co2 Emissions Per Unit Yield By Increasing Productivity","authors":"Mehmet Altun,&nbsp;Ustun Sahin","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07859-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07859-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although organic fertilization improves soil health and productivity, a sustainable food supply also requires reducing environmental carbon emissions. The aim of this field study was to reduce CO₂ emissions from soil per unit biomass yield of silage maize. The experiment was conducted in a total of 36 plots with three replicates with three irrigation regimes (R1, R2, and R3) with varying wetting–drying durations in soil containing four doses of stabilized sewage sludge (0, 30, 60 and 90 Mg ha⁻¹; D0, D1, D2 and D3). Irrigation was applied when the ∑ (estimated evapotranspiration – effective precipitation) value reached 25, 50 and 75 mm in R1, R2 and R3, respectively. A steady change in carbon emissions was also detected with a steady loss of organic carbon throughout the vegetation period. R1 and D3 led to the highest cumulative CO₂ emissions per unit production area of 9821.4 kg CO₂ ha⁻¹ and 11514.9 kg CO₂ ha⁻¹, respectively; these values were also 11.5% and 40.8% higher than the R3 and D0 values, respectively. The changes in CO₂ emissions per unit of water use were similar to the changes in cumulative emissions. However, while R1 provided the lowest CO₂ emission per unit biomass yield with the highest yield, the highest values were determined in D0 with a lower yield and in D3 with a higher emission. Therefore, frequent irrigation with 30 and 60 Mg ha⁻¹ doses of sewage sludge can decrease CO₂ emissions per unit yield in silage maize.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-07859-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}