环境•农林最新文献

{"title":"Bioenergy Potential of Crop Residues: A Proximate and Mineral Composition Assessment","authors":"Amir Detho,&nbsp;Asif Ali Memon,&nbsp;Nejib Ghazouani,&nbsp;Abdelkader Mabrouk,&nbsp;Ahmed Babeker Elhag,&nbsp;Aeslina Abdul Kadir,&nbsp;Mohd Arif Rosli","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08161-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08161-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents an experimental approach to determine the proximate and mineral composition of selected agricultural crop wastes, focusing on sugarcane and banana residues. Representative samples were collected and subjected to proximate analysis to measure key components, including moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content. To further assess the mineral composition, AAS was utilized to quantify essential elements such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and potassium oxide. The results revealed that banana crop waste had a higher moisture content (8.2%) than sugarcane crop waste (5.95%), whereas sugarcane waste exhibited greater volatile matter (77.99% vs. 63.89%) and fixed carbon (10.89% vs. 10.49%). The ash content of banana crop waste was notably higher at 17.99%, compared to 7.75% for sugarcane waste. Furthermore, the higher heating values (HHV) for sugarcane and banana wastes were recorded at 19.45 MJ/kg and 13.23 MJ/kg, respectively, aligning closely with reported literature values. This study offers key insights into the energy potential and mineral composition of agricultural residues, reinforcing their viability for bioenergy applications and mineral recovery. Future research could explore advanced pretreatment methods to enhance the bioenergy yield and optimize mineral extraction processes for industrial applications. It provides a foundation for optimizing waste-to-energy technologies for developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Risk of Mercury and Cadmium and Their Migrations in a Soil- Maize System of the Karst Mining Area","authors":"Xiuyuan Yang,&nbsp;Wenmin Luo,&nbsp;Zhifei Cheng,&nbsp;Guiting Mou,&nbsp;Xianliang Wu,&nbsp;Huijuan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08168-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08168-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mining activities have caused serious heavy metal and metalloids contamination in agricultural soils, while the differences in contamination characteristics and ecological impacts of metalloid within soil-crop systems between mining and non-mining areas in karst regions remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the contents, speciation, and ecological risks of mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd), and explored their occurrence characteristics and risk levels in soils and maize from mining and non-mining areas in the karst environment of Guizhou Province, China. Results showed that Cd concentrations in soils from mining areas were significantly higher than those in control areas (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), while Hg concentrations showed no significant difference. Medium contamination and ecological risk were identified in 44.44% of mining-area soils, primarily driven by Hg contamination. However, the risk assessment code indicated a higher bioavailability risk for Cd compared to Hg, with 22.22% of soils in the mining area exhibiting medium risk. In maize, the concentrations of Cd and Hg followed the order: roots &gt; leaves &gt; stems &gt; corns. The enrichment and translocation capacities of Cd and Hg in mining-area maize were significantly greater than that of in controls. Hg and Cd speciation in soil significantly influenced their content in maize. Potential carcinogenic health risks from Cd and Hg exposure were found in mining-area maize and control areas, especially in children. Our results suggested that there was a relatively higher potential health risk caused by Cd and Hg in soil and maize, and it was necessary to pay attention to the effect of exposure by the more hazardous substances on the other local crops. Our suggestion is that several measures, including phytoremediation, biochar, advanced nanomaterial technologies, etc., are urgently needed to alleviate the heavy metal and metalloid pollution in soil and some crops according to local environmental conditions. This study provides important insights and basic data to inform strategies for mitigating heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils in karst mining areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Economic, Social, and Perceptual Impacts of Soil Pollution by Microplastic Particles (MPs) in Romania","authors":"Valeria Pop,&nbsp;Alexandru Ozunu,&nbsp;Elisephane Irankunda","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08038-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08038-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastic particles (MPs) pose significant risks to human health and environmental sustainability, particularly in soil ecosystems. However, research on MPs remains limited, especially in Romania, where no specific studies exist on the economic costs, social problems, or environmental effects of soil pollution caused by MPs. To address this gap, we conducted an online survey between May and December 2022, targeting Romanian respondents from urban and rural areas. We aimed to assess three key areas: (Q1) the economic burden of mitigating soil pollution caused by MPs, (Q2) social problems generated by MPs in soil, and (Q3) the probability of being negatively affected by these social issues. Descriptive statistical analysis revealed high perceived costs associated with addressing MPs in soil (mean: 5.17 for Q1), significant concerns regarding social problems (mean: 5.01 for Q2), and a high probability of being affected by these social issues (mean: 4.69 for Q3). Strong positive correlations (Q1-Q2: r = 0.933, <i>p</i> = 0.002; Q1-Q3: r = 0.861, <i>p</i> = 0.013; Q2-Q3: r = 0.971, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) highlight the interrelation of economic, social concerns, and adverse effects. The novelty of these findings lies in their focus on Romania, where MPs in soil have not been previously explored, illustrating the incongruence between scientific knowledge, media framing, and public opinion concerning the risks posed by MPs. Findings underscore the urgent need for policy interventions that consider both environmental and social factors in tackling soil pollution by MPs and highlight the importance of raising public awareness to protect future generations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the metabolism of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","authors":"Pabel Cervantes-Avilés, Weiwei Li, Arturo A. Keller","doi":"10.1039/d4en01178c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01178c","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce the residual solids and increase energy recovery in wastewater treatment plants, the anaerobic digestion (AD) process needs to be optimized to generate more methane from waste activated sludge (WAS). Nanomaterials (NMs) have successfully been used in anaerobic digestion to increase methane production. Focusing on NMs with high redox activity, the biochemical route for methane production can be enhanced. Here, the influence of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO<small>₂</small> NPs) on the AD of waste sludge was evaluated in terms of metabolite production and assimilation, key enzymes activity, and organic matter transformation. The fate of CeO<small>₂</small> NPs in the anaerobic reactors was also determined via single particle ICP-MS and TEM imaging. Results indicated that 10, 50 and 100 mg of CeO<small>₂</small> NPs per g of volatile suspended solids (VSS) acted as nano-catalyst during the anaerobic digestion of WAS, increasing the methane yield production up to 14.2%. CeO<small>₂</small> NPs induced a decrease in the activity of two key enzymes involved in AD, such as protease and F420. Thus, biogas production was enhanced via the redox capability of the NPs. This includes the ability to perform the extracellular electron transfer (EET) to hydrolyze long-chain substrates, e.g. proteins into amino acids, and short chain organic acids such as maleic acid to shorter molecules and finally to methane. At the end of the nano-enhanced AD process, the CeO<small>₂</small> NPs remained in the bisolids. Therefore, potential effects of nanoceria on soil microorganisms and plants should be studied further.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale hydroxyapatite coated Cu-based nanopesticides exhibited promising benefits: Enhanced application efficiency and plants elements homeostasis","authors":"Xin Liu, Jie yu Gao, Yaoyu Zhou, Sha Bin Liu, Hong Qi Yang, Yuan Yang, Jian Yang","doi":"10.1039/d4en01118j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01118j","url":null,"abstract":"Cu-based pesticides are popular globally due to their low toxicity, high efficiency, broad applicability, and cost-effectiveness. However, their application often leads to waste and environmental issues. Here, we developed nanoscale hydroxyapatite(HAP) as the Cu-based pesticide carrier and coated with chitosan to realize the function of Cu/P slow release. The HAP carrier with three sizes (20 nm, 60 nm, and 80 µm) and three types of Cu-based pesticides (OrganCu, InorganCu, and NanoCu) were prepared and compared. The obtained nanopesticides with 60nm HAP carrier and NanoCu commercial pesticide (K60) exhibited application potential on long-term application performance, which demonstrated a particle size of less than 200 nm. At low concentrations (10 mg/kg), NanoCu pesticides significantly affected the soil microorganism diversity. The K60 could decrease the influence on microorganism diversity compared with the original commercial pesticides, which was accounted for the alpha diversity and microbial species composition variation. Besides, the K60 enhanced the phosphorus deficiency resistance of lettuces through adjustment of microelements homeostasis. This phenomenon was accounted for by the in 5 μM K60 increasing the Cu and P uptake (77.81% and 76.12%, respectively), and increasing the Mg and K uptake in root (44.95% and 39.74%, respectively). The nanopesticides dosage contributed more influence than nanocarrier size in lettuce roots ionome variation. Our research findings emphasize sustainable strategies to enhance the utilization efficiency of commercial pesticides while mitigating ecological risks. These insights contribute valuable ideas and references for the subsequent market introduction of nanopesticides. Keywords: Cu-based nanopesticides, slow-release, hydroxyapatite, plant elements homeostasis, soil microorganism","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Mathematical Modelling, Mathematical Optimization and Simulation in Water Treatment","authors":"Moses Kayanda Kiteto,&nbsp;Cleophas Achisa Mecha,&nbsp;Martha Noro Chollom","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08159-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08159-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ever-growing global need for clean water coupled with rampant pollution by emerging persistent contaminants, necessitates the use of advanced water treatment processes such as adsorption, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and membrane separation. These technologies, while effective, are often hindered by their reliance on sophisticated equipment, specialized materials, and complex chemical reactions, resulting in high costs and operational difficulties. Unlike previous studies, which primarily focused on technological aspects of the processes, this study takes a broader approach by analyzing of the entire process, proposing an innovative solution through the application of mathematical modelling, mathematical optimization and simulation techniques to enhance efficiency of water treatment processes. Mathematical modelling employed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm in adsorption, first order reaction kinetics in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and Darcy – Hagen – Poiseuille equation, Carman – Kozeny equation, Nernst – Planck equation and solution – diffusion transport equation in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis respectively. The Newton’s method, direct differentiation and Simplex method was utilized in the optimization. The subsequent mathematical models and optimization techniques were applied to real world processes and simulated in C – programming language. The simulation results demonstrated optimality for the required adsorbent mass in adsorption, residence time and mass of catalyst in AOPs and effect of feed to pressure ratio on the operating flux in membrane separation processes. The findings of the study illustrate mathematical modelling and optimization and simulation as reliable approaches in the design and effective operation of advanced water treatment processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of Helianthemum and Citrullus Colocynthis Biomass as Low-Cost Biosorbents for Ce(III) and Gd(III) Removal from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Ghada M. Almutairi,&nbsp;Reham Ali,&nbsp;Alaa M. Younis","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08142-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08142-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to investigate the potential of <i>Helianthemum</i> and <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> biomass as biosorbents for removing Ce(III) and Gd(III) ions. Various experimental parameters, including initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time, were examined to assess their impact on removal efficiency. The biosorption process was analyzed using isotherm and kinetics models. Samples underwent pretreatment to eliminate impurities and were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Langmuir isotherm model exhibited a good fit for Gd(III) adsorption onto <i>Helianthemum</i> biomass, while it was unsuitable for Ce(III) adsorption. The isotherm models were employed to determine the optimal adsorption capacities of the biosorbents. <i>Helianthemum</i> biomass exhibited maximum adsorption capacities of 250 mg/g for Gd(III) and 103.09 mg/g for Ce(III), whereas <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> biomass demonstrated capacities of 100 mg/g for Gd(III) and 66.62 mg/g for Ce(III). While the Freundlich isotherm model showed moderate agreement for both Gd(III) and Ce(III) adsorption onto <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> biomass, it was inadequate for <i>Helianthemum</i> biomass. The adsorption of Gd(III) onto <i>Helianthemum</i> biomass was attributed to a chemisorption mechanism, indicating irreversible interactions between the metal ion and the adsorbent. In contrast, the adsorption of Ce(III) involved a physisorption process, allowing for the possibility of reversible desorption. The experimental data exhibited a better fit to the pseudo-first-order model for both Gd(III) and Ce(III) adsorption onto <i>Helianthemum</i> and <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> biomass. The equilibrium adsorption capacities (qe) predicted by the model for <i>Helianthemum</i> biomass containing Gd(III) and Ce(III) were relatively similar to the experimental values. The regeneration and reuse of <i>Helianthemum</i> and <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> biomass demonstrate high economic feasibility and environmental sustainability, with adsorption efficiencies of 85% and 77%, respectively, retained after three regeneration cycles using a mild 0.1 M HCl solution.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Bamboo Stalks as Green and Low-Priced Carbon Sources for Wastewater Denitrification","authors":"Xiaobing Hu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Chen,&nbsp;Kaihao Zhai,&nbsp;Weiwei Song,&nbsp;Chaowei Liu,&nbsp;Yue Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08135-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08135-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the issue of insufficient carbon sources in biological heterotrophic denitrification and to provide a green and low-cost alternative, this study investigated the feasibility of using bamboo stalks as a carbon source. Five types of bamboo stalks—<i>Phyllostachys pubescens</i> (Pp), <i>Phyllostachys sulphurea</i> (Ps), <i>Phyllostachys nigra</i> (Pn), <i>Dendrocalamus membranaceus</i> Munro (Dm), and <i>Bambusa glaucescens</i> (Bg)—were collected from eastern China. Their carbon release capacities and denitrification potentials were systematically evaluated. The results showed that bamboo contains higher integrated cellulose (59.06%) in bamboo stalks, which is much higher than lignin content (30.88%). A higher integrated cellulose as carbon sources in the initial stage of denitrification can promote the nitrate’s removal. Among the tested bamboo species, <i>Pn</i> and <i>Bg</i> exhibited the highest carbon release rates, at 1.57 ± 0.83 COD·mg·(g·d)⁻¹ and 1.05 ± 0.13 COD·mg·(g·d)⁻¹, respectively, which corresponded to effective nitrate removal performance. When the effluent NO₃⁻-N concentration was 15 mg·L⁻¹, their nitrate removal rates reached 71.53% ± 19.36 and 79.20 ± 21.49%, respectively. However, <i>Pn</i> showed higher nitrogen and phosphorus release (cumulative TN: 1.27 mg·g⁻¹; cumulative TP: 0.048 mg·g⁻¹), along with an elevated COD concentration (63.10 ± 77.86 mg·L⁻¹) in the effluent after denitrification. Therefore, <i>Bg</i> was identified as the most suitable carbon source for biological denitrification due to its balanced performance and lower pollutant release.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Adsorption of Dye Pollutant by Anchoring Zr-MOF@GO Composite Matrix Microspheres: Performance and Mechanism Insights","authors":"Qianhui Ou,&nbsp;Yan Xiong,&nbsp;Li Chen,&nbsp;Deyong He,&nbsp;Chuxiang Zhou,&nbsp;Lan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08139-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08139-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The nanocomposite materials are highly promising candidates for adsorption applications in dyed wastewater due to their distinctive structural properties. In this work, the nanocomposite hybrids of UiO-66@GO were first synthesized by specifically anchoring Zr-based metal organic framework (MOF) of UiO-66 onto graphene oxide (GO) nanolayer through solvothermal method. Then the composite matrix microspheres (CMMs) of UiO-66@GO were subsequently prepared by embedding the obtained UiO-66@GO nanocomposite into sodium alginate (SA) microspheres through self-assembly cross-linking process. Finally, the prepared UiO-66@GO CMMs were applied for the adsorption of organic dye pollutant and showed efficient water purification performance. As a result, the UiO-66@GO CMMs exhibited selective cationic dye adsorption for Rhodamine B (RhB⁺). The experimental results revealed that the adsorption kinetics followed by the pseudo-second-order (PSD) model with rate constant k₂ = 0.95 × 10^–3 g mg⁻¹ min⁻¹, and the thermodynamics followed by the Langmuir model with adsorption capacity of 345.66 mg mg⁻¹. Notably, the UiO-66@GO CMMs demonstrated excellent adsorption removal of a significant removal efficiency of 98% towards 10 ppm Rh-B and a rapid adsorption response time of ~ 5 min. Meanwhile, the UiO-66@GO CMMs maintained long-term stability with adsorption efficiency &gt; 95% over 30 days and effective reuse with resorption efficiency &gt; 90% using DMF-H₂O as eluent. In this study, SA has served as a porous supporting matrix to immobilize UIO-66@GO nanoparticles, having mitigated issues of aggregation and leaching common to nanoscale adsorbents while improving reusability. The synergistic effect between UIO-66 and GO has further enhanced pollutant adsorption capacity, demonstrating significant potential for dye wastewater treatment applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle Dynamics of Nanoplastics Suspended in Water with Soil Microparticles: Insights from Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and Ultra-SANS","authors":"Douglas Gordon Hayes, Anton F. Astner, Sai Venkatesh Pingali, Hugh O'Neill, Barbara Evans, Volker S Urban, Kenneth C Littrell","doi":"10.1039/d4en01199f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en01199f","url":null,"abstract":"Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and Ultra-SANS (USANS) were employed to understand the aggregation behavior and observe the size reduction for nanoplastics (NPs) formed from a biodegradable mulch film, and microparticles of vermiculite (V), an artificial soil, suspended in water in the presence of low convective shear (ex-situ stirring) prior to measurements. Neutron contrast matching was employed to minimize the signal of V (by 100-fold) and thereby isolate the signal due to NPs in the neutron beam, as the contrast match point (CMP) for V (67 vol% deuteration of water) differed from that of NPs by more than 20%. The original NPs’ size distribution was bimodal: &lt; 200 nm and 500-1200 nm, referred to as small and large NPs, i.e., SNPs and LNPs, respectively. In the absence of V, SNPs formed homoaggregates at higher concentrations that decreased with stirring time, while the size of LNPs remained unchanged. The presence of V at 2-fold lower concentration than NPs did not change the size of SNPs but reduced the size of LNPs by nearly 2-fold as stirring time increased. Because the size of SNPs and LNPs did not differ substantially between CMP and 100% D2O solvents, it is evident that SNPs and LNPs are mainly composed of NPs and not V. The results suggest that LNPs are susceptible to size reduction through collisions with soil microparticles via convection, yielding SNPs near soil-water interfaces within vadose zones.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}