环境•农林最新文献

{"title":"Developing environmentally relevant micro- and nanoplastics to assess removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment processes","authors":"Martín Benzo, Maria Eugenia Perez Barthaburu, Andrés Pérez-Parada, Álvaro Olivera, Laura Fornaro","doi":"10.1039/d4en00250d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00250d","url":null,"abstract":"Micro and nanoplastics (MNP) pollution has become an increasingly concerning environmental issue. Wastewater treatment plants represent a significant source of MNP pollution, as the treatments involved do not completely remove them. Studies on their removal from water and wastewater are of current interest. However, suitable reference materials are necessary to conduct these studies accurately and to calibrate and validate analytical techniques capable of determining their concentration in water and wastewater. This work provides new insights into developing such materials. By a simple, straightforward, and cost-effective method, we produced MNP of target commodity polymers: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) , polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in sizes ranging from 20 to 3500 nm through non-solvent precipitation. The MNP obtained were aged by exposure to UV/O3 to simulate natural plastic weathering. We assessed the dispersibility of the particles in various media and conducted a series of coagulation/flocculation tests using both aged and non-aged particles in different aqueous media. The results of these tests suggest that an 'eco-corona' was formed, which strongly influences the colloidal behavior of MNP. The MNP obtained in this work proved to be suitable for assessing MNP removal efficiency in coagulation/flocculation processes, provided that an adequate medium with a chemical composition resembling that of wastewater is used. This research not only contributes to the development of representative reference materials but also provides new insights into the colloidal behavior of MNP in wastewater, which could help optimize removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment processes.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrocarbon-Degrading Microbial Consortia for Oil Drilling Waste Treatments in Arid Environments","authors":"Samia Haddadi,&nbsp;Christine Cagnon,&nbsp;Djamel Zeriri,&nbsp;Cristiana Cravo-Laureau,&nbsp;Robert Duran","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07583-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07583-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioremediation is a promising environmental friendly strategy for the treatment of oil drilling waste, which is particularly challenging in arid areas concerned by high petroleum production activities. Microbial consortia adapted to such environmental conditions are required for the implementation of bioaugmentation treatments. Here four metal(loid)s-resistant hydrocarbon-degrading microbial consortia growing at 40 °C were obtained from oil drilling waste maintained in different phyto-management conditions. The microbial consortia exhibited different microbial compositions with the capacity to degrade 15 to 35% of total petroleum hydrocarbon in 15 days. The hydrocarbon degradation resulted in different hydrocarbon fraction profiles underpinned by the presence of 14 specific OTUs revealed by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). Each consortium was characterized by the presence of genera groups, defined according to their correlation with the hydrocarbon fractions, explaining their different degradation capacity and the resulting hydrocarbon fraction profiles. Thus, these consortia can be used in combination or successively to implement bioremediation strategies for the treatment of multi-contaminated oil drilling waste in arid environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Situation of the Legislative Gap on Microplastics (MPs) as New Pollutants for the Environment","authors":"Claudio Casella,&nbsp;Dhanalakshmi Vadivel,&nbsp;Daniele Dondi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07589-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07589-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) are plastic debris having a size ≤ 5 mm. The detrimental impact of MPs on the environment and, consequently, their dangerous effects on human health (emerging risk) have attracted much attention in recent years. Contamination by microplastics is difficult to measure, due to the non-standardization of collection, detection, and analysis techniques. This work consists of a bibliographic review of the analysis of the pros and cons of the various existing legislations at the international level, identifying the possible legislative gaps, intending to improve the efficiency of implementation of new policies on plastics and microplastics, offering the possible recommendations to address potential human and environmental health hazards caused by MPs pollution. Future studies on the mentioned subject should focus on a uniformity of methodology for the determination of microplastics and at the same time, offer help to governments, to write a legislative policy on plastics that is valid at the international level, to help the green earth and completely avoid the risk to human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare Earth Ions Doping Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Bi5O7I for Superior Visible Light Driven Degradation of Ciprofloxacin","authors":"Pooja Dhiman,&nbsp;Jayati Sharma,&nbsp;Mohammad Rafe Hatshan,&nbsp;Ayman A. Ghfar,&nbsp;Amit Kumar,&nbsp;Gaurav Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07570-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07570-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enhancing the efficacy of semiconductor photocatalysts through the doping of rare-earth ions is a viable approach for regulating their behaviour. The current study employs a solvothermal method followed by calcination to produce Bi₅O₇I photocatalysts doped with rare earth elements (Sm, Nd, and Dy). Ciprofloxacin was used as the target pollutant for all produced catalysts. Among all, Sm-doped Bi₅O₇I exhibited optimal degradation efficiency against ciprofloxacin. Sm doping was identified to be responsible for increased visible light absorption and enhanced separation of light-induced carriers, leading to increased performance in photocatalysis. The Sm doped Bi₅O₇I also showed good adaptation to higher initial ciprofloxacin concentrations and the requisite photodegradation stability after four cycles. Furthermore, the up-conversion luminescence feature of Sm increased the catalyst's visible light usage range. The scavenging experiment identified ·O₂⁻, h⁺, and ¹O₂ as active chemicals in the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin. Based on this fact, a possible degradation mechanism was postulated. This work may serve as a guide for creating doped bismuth-rich halides for waste water remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration of MicroPlastics Distribution Map in the Sediment and Water of Gorgan Bay, Caspian Sea","authors":"Mahsa Yazarloo,&nbsp;Aliakbar Hedayati,&nbsp;Mohammad Gholizadeh,&nbsp;Abdolazim Fazel,&nbsp;F. Joel Fodrie,&nbsp;Hossein Mostafavi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07591-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07591-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gorgan Bay is located along the southeast Caspian Sea and surrounded with significant agricultural and urban areas. Plastic pollution is a significant issue that affects aquatic ecosystems globally. The accumulation and degradation of plastics into microplastics in aquatic ecosystems highlight the importance of studying them to assess pollution risks. So, an investigation was conducted for the assessment of MicroPlastics pollution (MPs) in water and sediment of this ecosystem. The study involved collecting water and sediment samples from 40 stations within the Bay. Microplastics (MPs) extracted from these samples were identified using microscopic detection methods, specifically visual observation under polarized light to SEM–EDX, and µ-Raman. A total of 16,360 MP particles per kilogram of sediment, and 211 particles per liter of water were detected. The research demonstrated that the river inlets situated within agriculturally intensive regions of the watershed exhibited the highest levels of microplastics (MPs) in both water and sediment samples. Fiber MPs were the most frequent (&gt; 50%) shape in sediment and water. The size of mostly MPs (&gt; 90%) was smaller than 1,000 µm. The dominant polymer within MPs in Gorgan Bay sediment identified as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polystyrene (PS), while polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) were the frequent polymer in water, respectively. The most amount of MPs was found in the areas close to the rivers and agricultural fields (including stations S4, S12, S13, S14, S22).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Earthworm Density on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Constructed Wetlands with Different Plant Configurations","authors":"Huijuan Cao,&nbsp;Yishi Lin,&nbsp;Hongxuan Lei,&nbsp;Xiangyong Zheng,&nbsp;Wenjuan Han","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07594-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07594-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant configuration and earthworms play an important role in water purification and greenhouse gas emissions in constructed wetlands (CWs). However, the impact of earthworm density on greenhouse gas emissions across different plant configurations has not been explored. In this study, four wetland plant species, <i>Canna indica</i>, <i>Lythrum salicaria</i>, <i>Oenanthe javanica</i>, and <i>Typha orientalis</i>, were selected for monocultures. Under each monoculture, three earthworm densities (control, low, and high densities) were conducted to explore the effects of earthworm density on greenhouse gas emissions in CWs with different plant configurations. The results showed that: (1) in systems without earthworms, the CO₂ emission from <i>O. javanica</i> monoculture was 69.9% lower than that from <i>C. indica</i> monoculture; the CH₄ emission decreased with the increasing earthworm density across all plant configurations, with high earthworm density resulting in negative CH₄ emission. (2) In systems with low and high-density earthworms, <i>C. indica</i> exhibited the highest biomass among four monocultures. However, earthworm density did not significantly affect plant biomass under the same plant configuration. (3) In systems without earthworms, the substrate organic carbon (SOC) of <i>O. javanica</i> monoculture was 18.94% and 4.93% lower than that in <i>T. orientalis</i> and <i>C. indica</i> monocultures, respectively; For <i>L. salicaria</i> monoculture, the SOC was 35.69% and 40.59% lower in systems without earthworms compared to those with low and high-density earthworms, respectively. (4) In systems without earthworms, the global warming potential (GWP) value, including GWP_{CH4+CO2+N2O+SOC}, GWP_{non-CO2+AGB+SOC}, and GWP_{CH4+CO2+N2O+AGB+SOC} were lowest in <i>L. salicaria</i> monoculture among four monocultures. Moreover, in <i>L. salicaria</i> monoculture, the GWP_non-CO2+SOC of systems without earthworms was 36% and 40.7% lower than in systems with low and high-density earthworms by, respectively. These results indicate that adding high-density earthworms can reduce CH₄ emissions in constructed wetlands with different plant configurations. <i>L. salicaria</i> monoculture without adding earthworms demonstrated a low global warming potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Straw and Biochar Amendments Over a Decade Differently Modulates Denitrification Gas Products","authors":"Quan Tang,&nbsp;Wenxia Dai,&nbsp;Jiacheng Niu,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Weiqin Yin,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Yan,&nbsp;Yuji Jiang,&nbsp;Yi Cheng,&nbsp;Shengsen Wang,&nbsp;Xiaozhi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07580-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07580-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Straw return is a sustainable agricultural strategy aimed at raising soil organic carbon (SOC), but tends to stimulate nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, potentially counteracting gains in SOC sequestration. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain on how long-term different forms of straw incorporation (direct straw return or pyrolyzed to biochar) affect N₂O production and reduction, and interactions with associated key nitrogen (N)-cycling microbial communities. Here, the emission rates and proportions of N₂O and N₂ emissions were quantified using a 13-year field trial with sequential incorporation of straw or straw-derived biochar, and interactions with key functional genes were assessed by metagenomic sequencing. Results revealed that incorporation of straw and biochar increased N₂O emission rates by 2.55 and 0.54 folds, while that of N₂ by 6.41 and 9.77 folds, respectively, compared with conventional fertilization. Correspondingly, the N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios were reduced by 10.75% and 39.74% with straw and biochar treatments. Higher N₂O emissions with straw incorporation were primarily driven by concurrent increase in labile C and N sources with nitrate and nitrite reducers (<i>narG</i>, <i>narH</i>, <i>nirK</i>, <i>nirS</i>, <i>norB</i>) outweighing the N₂O reducer (<i>nosZ</i>). In contrast, biochar incorporation decreased nitrate levels, increased electron conductivity and the N₂O reducer (<i>nosZ</i>), which accelerated N₂ emissions and reduced the N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratio. Moreover, reduced N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios were closely associated with altered denitrifier communities, with genera belonging to <i>Acidobacteriota</i> being the key contributors to biochar incorporation, and <i>Pseudomonadota</i> being the dominant contributors to straw. Overall, biochar incorporation was more efficient in reducing global warming potential and increasing SOC sequestration, as evidenced by lower N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios and higher SOC levels. This work provides valuable insights designing net-zero C strategies towards sustainable agricultural C sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation to address the challenges posed by global climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust Calix[4]arene-Polyethyleneimine Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Recovery of Gold and Platinum Chloride Complexes","authors":"Carlos Moya, Natacha Brion, Ludovic Troian-Gautier, Ivan Jabin, Gilles Bruylants","doi":"10.1039/d4en00408f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4en00408f","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic removal and recovery of precious metals from wastewater and complex biological media pose significant challenges mostly due to the need for efficient, selective, and stable materials. This work reports a methodology that allows to address these challenges by synthesizing iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) coated with a covalent layer of calix[4]arene-tetracarboxylate (X4C4) capable of binding polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalities via electrostatic interactions. In contrast to citrate coating, which was previously utilized as an attachment layer for PEI, the reductive grafting of X4C4-tetra-diazonium salts onto IONPs results in a considerably more stable coating that proves to be an excellent substrate for the adsorption of PEI. This efficiently results in a synergistic interaction that significantly improves the durability of the PEI coating and maintains the particles in a dispersed state. The stability of the resulting IONPs@X4C4@PEI particles is demonstrated by their ability to withstand both acidic and alkaline conditions without significant particle aggregation or loss of magnetic properties. Moreover, these particles exhibit exceptional magnetic reusability, retaining their selectivity and recovery efficiency over multiple separation cycles. The selective affinity of IONPs@X4C4@PEI particles for Au and Pt stems from the specific binding interactions between the complexes formed by these metals in solution and the PEI coating, enabling efficient recovery of these precious metals. This work places these IONPs at the forefront in terms of stability, reusability, and selectivity, which will undoubtedly open new avenues for environmental remediation and purification applications.","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.131,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the Impact of Haze and Normal Air Quality on Urban Environments: A Study of Diurnal Variation, Source Apportionment, and Correlation","authors":"Dilip Kumar Mahato,&nbsp;Balram Ambade,&nbsp;Tushar Choudhary,&nbsp;Alaa M. Younis,&nbsp;Abdullah H. Alluhayb","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07579-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07579-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Black carbon aerosols and PM2.5 have been identified as one of the major factors responsible for the ambient air quality index in Jamshedpur. The real-time measurement of BC concentration is determined with the help of an Aethalometer (AE-33), which was analyzed from November 2022 to April 2023. In the present study, we have compared the aerosol parameters during haze (Nov-Jan) and normal days (Oct, Feb-May) periods. We estimated the average mass concentration of BC, PM2.5 and AQI during haze days (HD) and normal days (ND), respectively. BC concentrations showed significant temporal variations with around 6.25 ± 3.05 and 2.52 ± 2.75 μg m − 3 during HD and ND, respectively. While PM2.5 and AQI concentrations in HD were found to be 264.64 ± 58.8 and 267.84 ± 56.72 μg m − 3, which were double of 130.19 ± 60.1 and 141.98 ± 52.44 μg m − 3, respectively, during ND. The highest monthly concentration of BC, PM2.5 and AQI was noticed in December at 8.35, 291.9 and 298 μg m − 3, respectively. Large-scale energy production in industries can consume coal and petroleum as primary fuels, which may be a major reason for the high concentrations. Due to low mixing height during winter, these emissions are not spread properly. Hence, higher concentration was found in December. The values for BC/PM2.5 were observed as 2.37% with a range from 0.54 to 4.4% and 2.48% (0.5 to 21.78%) during HD and ND, respectively. The study determined the source apportionment of BC with biomass dominance found in HD. The % BB was obtained around 53.1% throughout haze session, which was approximately 1.57 times higher than normal day (33.77%). In winter, burning wood and other solid fuels to warm the atmosphere may increase the contribution of BB to BC emissions. Furthermore, the backward trajectories calculated that air masses were concentrated within the IGP regions at lower altitudes during the HD while there was a diverse circulation of air parcels throughout the ND. Air masses were majorly coming to the receptor site from west India in ND. GIOVANNI NASA satellite model proved that surface mass concentrations of BC and PM2.5 were observed higher over IGP areas as well as other parts of India during HD with respect to ND.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of Aeromonas, Arcobacter, and Mycobacterium in freshwater microcosms polluted with domestic wastewater","authors":"Masataka Aoki,&nbsp;Hong Dao Nguyen Pham,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Takemura,&nbsp;Noriko Tomioka,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Ebie,&nbsp;Kazuaki Syutsubo","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07571-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-024-07571-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups from domestic wastewater in surface water is critical to improving sanitation risk assessment and supporting effective policy implementation. Despite their importance, their behavior in freshwater environments is not fully understood. This study examined the behavior of pathogenic bacterial groups frequently found in domestic wastewater–<i>Aeromonas</i>, <i>Arcobacter</i>, and <i>Mycobacterium</i>—in freshwater microcosms containing domestic wastewater with different initial ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentrations (2, 5, and 15 mg N L⁻¹). Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) assays with propidium monoazide (PMA) pretreatment were used to evaluate the behavior of viable targeted bacteria. <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Arcobacter</i> decayed quickly after the experiment began, with typical first-order decay constants of 0.718 to 0.820 day⁻¹ and 1.14 to 1.19 day⁻¹, respectively. These rates were comparable or higher than those of <i>Escherichia coli,</i> an indicator of fecal contamination (0.586–0.680 day⁻¹). Conversely, the abundance of <i>Mycobacterium</i> increased over the course of the 7-day experiment. The decay or growth of the target bacterial groups in the microcosms under aerobic conditions was not affected by varying NH₄⁺-N concentrations. Sequencing of the near-full-length 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene amplicons with PMA pretreatment revealed that the primary <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Arcobacter</i> populations in the initial microcosms were pathogenic species relatives. Conversely, the major <i>Mycobacterium</i> populations thriving in the microcosms were presumably uncultured species with low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (&lt; 98.65%) to the cultured species. This study provides insights to improve sanitation risk assessment and promote suitable policy implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}