美国具有全国代表性的人群中与 Kratom 相关的州政策环境与 Kratom 使用之间的关联。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Journal of psychoactive drugs Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-12 DOI:10.1080/02791072.2023.2223622
Matthew S Ellis, Mance E Buttram, Alyssa Forber, Joshua C Black
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有限的研究导致人们对使用 Kratom 的风险和益处产生了相互矛盾的看法。尽管美国联邦政府没有制定相关政策,但各州通过禁止使用 kratom,以及通过《Kratom 消费者保护法》(KCPA)实现合法化和监管,实施了不同的政策。非医疗使用处方药调查 (NMURx) 计划采用了具有全国代表性的、重复的横截面药物使用调查。2021 年,在三个州的法律框架下比较了过去 12 个月使用克利托姆的加权流行率:无总体州政策、KCPA 和州禁令。在禁止使用的州,使用 kratom 的估计流行率较低(流行率:0.75%(0.44%)):相对于有 KCPA 的州(1.20% (0.89, 1.51))和无政策的州(1.04% (0.94, 1.13)),使用率为 0.75% (0.44, 1.06),但使用率与政策类型无显著关联。使用 Kratom 与阿片类药物使用障碍的药物治疗密切相关。虽然观察到各州政策类型在过去 12 个月中使用 kratom 的流行率存在差异,但由于使用率较低,限制了统计精确度,并可能产生混淆效应(如在线可及性),从而减少了有意义的区分。未来与 kratom 相关的政策决策应通过循证研究来确定。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Associations Between Kratom-Related State Policy Environments and Kratom Use in a Nationally Representative Population in the United States.

Limited research has resulted in conflicting views on the risks versus benefits associated with kratom use. Despite no federal policy in the United States, individual states have implemented diverging policies through kratom bans, and legalization and regulation through Kratom Consumer Protection Acts (KCPAs). The Survey of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs (NMURx) Program employs nationally-representative, repeated cross-sectional surveys on drug use. In 2021, weighted prevalence of past-12 month kratom use was compared across three state legal frameworks: no overarching state policy, KCPAs, and state bans. There was lower estimated prevalence of kratom use in banned states (prevalence: 0.75% (0.44, 1.06) relative to states with a KCPA (1.20% (0.89, 1.51)), and relative to states with no policies (1.04% (0.94, 1.13), though odds of use were not significantly associated with policy type. Kratom use was significantly associated with medicated treatment for opioid use disorder. While there were observed differences in the prevalence of past-12 month kratom use by state policy type, low uptake mitigated meaningful distinctions by limiting statistical precision, and potentially confounding effects, such as accessibility online. Future kratom-related policy decisions should be informed through evidence-based research.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.10%
发文量
62
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