更复杂的偶然双向命名仅由暴露产生

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Kelly Kleinert-Ventresca, R. Douglas Greer, Lauren Baldonado
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引用次数: 1

摘要

偶然双向命名(inco - bin)被定义为一个语言发展的转折点,在这个转折点上,儿童表现出作为听者和说话者学习事物名称的能力,仅仅是一种观察的功能。刺激特征已被发现会影响在incb - bin测试中的表现。为了进一步探讨这一效应,实验1比较了20名一年级学生对新奇的熟悉类型刺激和新奇的不熟悉类型刺激的反应,这些学生在听每个视觉刺激的名字时观察了五次。参与者在熟悉类型刺激下的表现明显优于不熟悉类型刺激。实验2检验了重复探针干预对不熟悉类型刺激诱导Inc-BiN的影响。参与者是六名一年级的学生,他们表现出偶然的单向命名(即,仅仅从聆听中获得名字)。在多探针、同时治疗设计中,干预措施的实施在双组参与者中交错进行。每组中有一名参与者只接受不熟悉类型刺激的干预,另一名参与者同时接受不熟悉和熟悉类型刺激的干预。干预前和干预后不包括刺激的Inc-BiN探针表明,两种情况都有效地建立了不熟悉类型刺激的Inc-BiN。这些发现对理解Inc-BiN的潜在机制具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
More complex incidental bidirectional naming results from exposure alone

Incidental bidirectional naming (Inc-BiN) has been defined as a verbal developmental cusp whereby children demonstrate learning the names of things as listener and speaker as a function of observation alone. Stimulus characteristics have been found to affect performance in tests for Inc-BiN. To further explore this effect, Experiment 1 compared untaught listener and speaker responses for novel familiar-type versus novel nonfamiliar-type stimuli with 20 first-grade students following naming experiences in which the participants observed each visual stimulus five times while hearing its name. Participants performed significantly better with familiar-type than with nonfamiliar-type stimuli. Experiment 2 examined the effects of a repeated-probe intervention to induce Inc-BiN with nonfamiliar-type stimuli. Participants were six first-grade students who demonstrated incidental unidirectional naming (i.e., acquired names as listener from exposure alone). Implementation of the intervention was staggered across dyads of participants in a multiple-probe, simultaneous-treatments design. One participant in each dyad received the intervention with nonfamiliar-type stimuli only and the other with both nonfamiliar- and familiar-type stimuli. Pre- and postintervention Inc-BiN probes with stimuli not included in the intervention suggested both conditions were effective in establishing Inc-BiN for nonfamiliar-type stimuli. These findings have implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying Inc-BiN.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
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