厘清有多动症症状的幼儿的运动控制和认知控制之间的关系。

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Child Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-22 DOI:10.1080/09297049.2023.2190965
Cameron Ferguson, Christopher Hobson, Craig Hedge, Cerith Waters, Kate Anning, Stephanie van Goozen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

患有多动症的儿童在运动和认知控制方面会遇到困难。然而,人们对这些症状之间的关系知之甚少。为了改善治疗,本研究调查了具有不同程度多动-冲动症状的儿童在运动控制和认知控制的特定方面之间的关系。255名4至10岁的儿童(中位数=6.50,MAD=1.36)完成了一系列测试,包括运动产生、视觉运动流畅性、视觉运动灵活性、认知抑制、言语和视觉空间工作记忆以及认知灵活性。他们的照顾者接受了有关其多动-冲动症状的访谈。主要样本中有 25.9% 符合多动症的诊断标准。多元线性回归分析用于确定运动控制的特定方面是否与认知控制的特定方面相关,以及是否会受到多动-冲动症状的影响。此外,还使用认知建模(用 EZ-DM 近似的漂移扩散模型)来了解认知抑制任务的表现。视觉运动流畅性与认知抑制有显著相关性。视觉运动灵活性与认知灵活性明显相关。没有明显的调节效应。认知建模没有结论。总之,流畅地进行视觉引导的连续运动的能力与抑制干扰信息影响的能力有关。自发利用视觉信息灵活改变运动反应的能力与从一种思维模式转换到另一种思维模式的认知能力有关。这些关系在由家长评定的儿童多动-冲动连续体中似乎在数量和质量上都是相似的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Disentangling the relationships between motor control and cognitive control in young children with symptoms of ADHD.

Children with ADHD experience difficulties with motor and cognitive control. However, the relationships between these symptoms are poorly understood. As a step toward improving treatment, this study investigated associations between specific aspects of motor control and cognitive control in children with varying levels of hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. A heterogeneous sample of 255 children of 4 to 10 years of age (median = 6.50, MAD = 1.36) completed a battery of tests probing motor generation, visuomotor fluency, visuomotor flexibility, cognitive inhibition, verbal and visuospatial working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Their caregivers were interviewed regarding their hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. 25.9% of the main sample met diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine whether specific aspects of motor control were associated with specific aspects of cognitive control, and whether any associations were moderated by hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. Additionally, cognitive modeling (the drift diffusion model approximated with EZ-DM) was used to understand performance on a cognitive inhibition task. Visuomotor fluency was significantly associated with cognitive inhibition. Visuomotor flexibility was significantly associated with cognitive flexibility. There were no significant moderation effects. Cognitive modeling was inconclusive. In conclusion, the ability to fluently perform visually guided continuous movement is linked with the ability to inhibit the effects of distracting information. The ability to spontaneously use visual information to flexibly alter motor responses is related to the ability to cognitively shift from one frame of mind to another. These relationships appear to be quantitatively and qualitatively similar across the childhood hyperactive-impulsive continuum as rated by parents.

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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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