{"title":"森林,森林,森林。有时我们睡觉。走路,睡觉,走路,睡觉。这条路很危险","authors":"Marijana Hameršak, Iva Pleše","doi":"10.15378/1848-9540.2021.44.11","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Hidden migrant routes through Croatia lead through forest areas (among other types of terrain) which include those along state borders, but also forests in the interior of the territory. Those forests can variously be seen as shelters for migrants, albeit harsh, or as green tunnels leading to desired destinations, and as scenes of suffering and violence. This article approaches the forests in question as landscapes that have been transformed from a neutral natural environment into active factors for creating and maintaining border control regimes and deterring and expelling unwanted migrants. Based on our long-term field research and publicly available (archival, media and other) sources, we seek to document, interpret, and interconnect the objects and practices involved in constructing the forest as a hostile terrain and perilous environment for migrants, and as an important element in controlling unwanted migrations. These are, on the one hand, objects and practices that intervene into forests, such as setting up cameras or cutting down trees, and, on the other, interventions that take place in forests, such as police interception or expulsion. Apart from these external interventions, in this context of remodeling forests into dangerous environments, one can also discuss the role of nature itself and its characteristics, as well as the causes of why migrants find themselves in nature in the first place. Although, at first glance, it seems that people on the move choose the forest as the place and route of their movement of their own volition, they are pushed and expelled into these forests by exclusionary policies (visa regimes, asylum systems, etc.). This, ultimately, classifies forests in Croatia as weaponized landscapes of exclusion and death, such as the desert (e.g., De León 2015), mountain (Del Biaggio et al. 2020), maritime (e.g., Albahari 2015) or archipelago (Mountz 2017) landscapes","PeriodicalId":40979,"journal":{"name":"Etnoloska Tribina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Forest, forest, forest. Sometimes we sleep. Walking, sleep, walking, sleep. 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Based on our long-term field research and publicly available (archival, media and other) sources, we seek to document, interpret, and interconnect the objects and practices involved in constructing the forest as a hostile terrain and perilous environment for migrants, and as an important element in controlling unwanted migrations. These are, on the one hand, objects and practices that intervene into forests, such as setting up cameras or cutting down trees, and, on the other, interventions that take place in forests, such as police interception or expulsion. Apart from these external interventions, in this context of remodeling forests into dangerous environments, one can also discuss the role of nature itself and its characteristics, as well as the causes of why migrants find themselves in nature in the first place. 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引用次数: 2
摘要
穿越克罗地亚的隐蔽移民路线穿过森林地区(除其他类型的地形外),其中包括沿国家边界的地区,但也包括领土内部的森林。这些森林可以被看作是移民的庇护所,尽管条件恶劣,或者是通往理想目的地的绿色隧道,以及痛苦和暴力的场景。本文将森林视为一种景观,从中性的自然环境转变为建立和维持边境管制制度以及阻止和驱逐不受欢迎的移民的积极因素。基于我们长期的实地研究和公开的(档案、媒体和其他)资源,我们试图记录、解释和联系与森林建设有关的对象和实践,将其作为一个对移民来说充满敌意的地形和危险的环境,并将其作为控制不必要移民的重要因素。一方面是干预森林的物品和做法,如设置摄像机或砍伐树木,另一方面是在森林中进行的干预,如警察拦截或驱逐。除了这些外部干预之外,在将森林重塑为危险环境的背景下,人们还可以讨论自然本身的作用及其特征,以及为什么移民首先会发现自己身处自然环境的原因。虽然乍一看,迁徙中的人们似乎是自愿选择森林作为他们迁徙的地点和路线,但他们是被排他性政策(签证制度、庇护制度等)推入森林的。最终,这将克罗地亚的森林分类为排斥和死亡的武器化景观,如沙漠(例如De León 2015)、山区(Del Biaggio et al. 2020)、海洋(例如Albahari 2015)或群岛(Mountz 2017)景观
Forest, forest, forest. Sometimes we sleep. Walking, sleep, walking, sleep. It’s dangerous on this way
Hidden migrant routes through Croatia lead through forest areas (among other types of terrain) which include those along state borders, but also forests in the interior of the territory. Those forests can variously be seen as shelters for migrants, albeit harsh, or as green tunnels leading to desired destinations, and as scenes of suffering and violence. This article approaches the forests in question as landscapes that have been transformed from a neutral natural environment into active factors for creating and maintaining border control regimes and deterring and expelling unwanted migrants. Based on our long-term field research and publicly available (archival, media and other) sources, we seek to document, interpret, and interconnect the objects and practices involved in constructing the forest as a hostile terrain and perilous environment for migrants, and as an important element in controlling unwanted migrations. These are, on the one hand, objects and practices that intervene into forests, such as setting up cameras or cutting down trees, and, on the other, interventions that take place in forests, such as police interception or expulsion. Apart from these external interventions, in this context of remodeling forests into dangerous environments, one can also discuss the role of nature itself and its characteristics, as well as the causes of why migrants find themselves in nature in the first place. Although, at first glance, it seems that people on the move choose the forest as the place and route of their movement of their own volition, they are pushed and expelled into these forests by exclusionary policies (visa regimes, asylum systems, etc.). This, ultimately, classifies forests in Croatia as weaponized landscapes of exclusion and death, such as the desert (e.g., De León 2015), mountain (Del Biaggio et al. 2020), maritime (e.g., Albahari 2015) or archipelago (Mountz 2017) landscapes