公共保险的智力和发育残疾成年人的人体免疫缺陷病毒诊断和护理。

IF 2.1 2区 医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL
T. G. James, M. S. Argenyi, A. Gravino, T. W. Benevides
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:本研究旨在评估人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测的流行情况,在美国有公共保险的智力和发育障碍(IDD)成年人中进行HIV诊断和接受HIV护理。设计:这项研究是对2012年有公共保险(n=8788186)的IDD成年人的医疗保险-医疗补助相关数据的横断面分析。方法:我们估计了HIV检测的调整流行率,诊断和接受抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)。我们还确定了与这些结果相关的易感因素(年龄、性别、种族和民族)、使能因素(医疗保险、医疗补助或两者兼有;农村状况;地理位置和县收入)和需求相关特征(IDD诊断和其他共现条件)之间的关系。结果:在过去一年中,只有0.12%的未被诊断为艾滋病毒的IDD成年人接受了艾滋病毒检测。成人IDD患者中HIV诊断的患病率为0.38%,尽管IDD诊断类型存在差异。HIV诊断的患病率因IDD类型而异。在感染艾滋病毒的IDD成年人中,约71%的人在2012年接受了抗逆转录病毒治疗。调整后的分析表明,存在显著的种族差异,患有IDD的黑人成年人占HIV阳性IDD成年人口的大多数(59.11%)。结论:成人IDD是一个独特的优先人群,存在与HIV相关的差异,IDD亚型的风险水平存在差异。IDD患者和其他残疾人一样,应在预防规划和治疗指南中予以考虑,以解决艾滋病毒护理连续体中的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis and care among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities who are publicly insured

Background

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, HIV diagnosis and receipt of HIV care among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) who are publicly insured in the USA.

Design

This study is a cross-sectional analysis of Medicare–Medicaid linked data of adults with IDD who were publicly insured in 2012 (n = 878 186).

Methods

We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios of HIV testing, diagnosis and receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We also identified the relationship between predisposing (age, gender, race and ethnicity), enabling (Medicare, Medicaid or both; rural status; geographical location; and county income) and need-related characteristics (IDD diagnosis and other co-occurring conditions) associated with these outcomes.

Results

Only 0.12% of adults with IDD who had no known HIV diagnosis had received an HIV test in the past year. The prevalence of HIV diagnosis among adults with IDD was 0.38%, although differences by type of IDD diagnosis were observed. Prevalence of HIV diagnosis differed by type of IDD. Among adults with IDD who were living with HIV, approximately 71% had received ART during 2012. The adjusted analyses indicate significant racial disparities, with Black adults with IDD making up the majority (59.11%) of the HIV-positive IDD adult population.

Conclusions

Adults with IDD are a unique priority population at risk for HIV-related disparities, and the level of risk is differential among subtypes of IDD. People with IDD, like other people with disabilities, should be considered in prevention programming and treatment guidelines to address disparities across the HIV care continuum.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
81
期刊介绍: The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is devoted exclusively to the scientific study of intellectual disability and publishes papers reporting original observations in this field. The subject matter is broad and includes, but is not restricted to, findings from biological, educational, genetic, medical, psychiatric, psychological and sociological studies, and ethical, philosophical, and legal contributions that increase knowledge on the treatment and prevention of intellectual disability and of associated impairments and disabilities, and/or inform public policy and practice. Expert reviews on themes in which recent research has produced notable advances will be included. Such reviews will normally be by invitation.
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