D. Schulz, Tobias Richter, Julia Schindler, W. Lenhard, Madlen Mangold
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Using Accuracy and Response Times to Assess Inhibitory Control in Kindergarten Children: An Analysis with Explanatory Item Response Models
ABSTRACT Inhibitory control is a core executive function that develops during childhood and is measured with tasks that require the inhibition of a dominant response. The current study examined the diagnostic value of using response accuracy and latency in a simple inhibitory control test, the computerized Pointing-Stroop Task (cPST), for kindergarten children. The cPST was completed by 135 children, ages 3 through 6 years with diverse national and cultural backgrounds. In explanatory response models, item difficulties and time intensities could be predicted very reliably by congruency and item position, with incongruent responses causing more errors and longer response latency. Moreover, the prediction of fluid intelligence (a close correlate of inhibitory control) from children’s performance in the cPST was enhanced by using response accuracy and response latency, which had a multiplicative effect, indicating that efficient (accurate and fast) inhibitory control is related to fluid intelligence. These results suggest that measuring the efficiency of inhibitory control in young children is a more appropriate assessment than using either response accuracy or response latency.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Cognition and Development is the official journal of the Cognitive Development Society (CDS). Some CDS members are concerned with basic research or theory; others focus on policy issues and practical applications. The range of interests includes cognitive development during all stages of life, and we seek to understand ontogenetic processes in both humans and nonhumans. Finally, their interests encompass typical as well as atypical development, and we attempt to characterize both biological and cultural influences on cognitive change and continuity.