资本、小说和生态

IF 0.1 0 PHILOSOPHY
S. Žižek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

马克思对政治经济学的批判将资本的扩大再生产描述为我们社会的基本现实,马克思似乎忽略了资本社会再生产的两个主要外部性,即象征性虚构的领域和自然,即每一种社会活动的预设栖息地。这种印象是错误的。马克思的《资本论》在资本流通的核心发现了虚构:他所谓的“商品拜物教”是一种象征性的虚构,而不仅仅是一种意识形态。它构建了资本主义过程的社会现实。此外,在马克思生命的最后十年里,生态学是他关注的中心:他清楚地看到,资本主义生产的扩张如何导致社会与自然之间的裂痕,这种裂痕威胁着人类物种的生存。对马克思来说,社会主义已经是生态社会主义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Capital, fictions, and ecology
Marx's critique of political economy describes the expanded reproduction of the capital as the basic reality of our societies, and it may seem that Marx ignores two main externalities of the social reproduction of the capital, the domain of symbolic fictions and nature, the presupposed habitat of every social activity.  This impression is wrong. marx's capital discovers fiction in the very heart of the circulation of capital: what he calls "commodity fetishism" is a symbolic fiction which is not just an ideology . it structures the very social reality of the capitalist process. Plus ecology was in the very center of Marx's preoccupation in the last decade of his life: he clearly saw how the expanded capitalist production leads to a rift between society and nature, a rift which threatens the very survival of human species. For Marx already, socialism was eco´-socialism.
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