我们在自闭症谱系障碍中少了多少女孩?从诊所和社区样本中进行的检查

IF 1.1 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
L. Barnard‐Brak, D. Richman, M. H. Almekdash
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引用次数: 7

摘要

研究表明,被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的男性数量超过被诊断为ASD的女性,这归因于许多潜在的生物学和遗传风险因素。本文的目的是通过两项研究的形式,将两组不同的数据集与疾病控制和预防中心对ASD中男性和女性性别分布的人口估计进行比较,估计有多少女孩可能从ASD中消失。设计/方法/方法在研究1中,作者利用来自国家自闭症研究数据库的数据作为临床样本。在研究2中,作者利用来自全国儿童健康调查的数据作为社区样本。目前的研究估计,大约39%的女孩应该被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍。作者估计,根据目前的做法,自闭症谱系障碍的性别分布应该大约是28%的女性和72%的男性。因此,与男性相比,似乎有更多的女性被认为可能患有自闭症,但随后没有被诊断出患有自闭症。这些结果可能表明,在ASD诊断过程中的一个或多个点上可能存在ASD女孩评估的泄漏管道,其中一个潜在点是临床环境中的ASD特异性筛查水平(即研究1中的SCQ),另一个潜在点是社区环境中的普遍筛查水平(即研究2中的NSCH数据)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How many girls are we missing in ASD? An examination from a clinic- and community-based sample
Purpose Research has indicated that males diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) outnumber females diagnosed with ASD, which has been attributed to a number of potential biological and genetic risk factors. The purpose of this paper is to estimate how many girls may be missing from ASD via a two-study format, comparing two distinct data sets to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention population estimates for sex distribution of males vs females in ASD. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, the authors utilized data from the National Database for Autism Research as a clinic-based sample. In Study 2, the authors utilized data from the National Survey of Children’s Health as a community-based sample. Findings The current study estimates that approximately 39 percent more girls should be diagnosed with ASD. The authors estimate that the sex distribution in ASD should be approximately 28 percent female and 72 percent male based upon current practices. Thus, it appears that more females are being identified as potentially having ASD but were not subsequently being diagnosed with ASD as compared to their male counterparts. Originality/value These results could suggest that a leaky pipeline in the assessment of girls with ASD may exist along one or more points in the ASD diagnostic process, with one potential point at the level of ASD-specific screening (i.e. the SCQ in Study 1) in the clinic setting and another in the community setting as a whole for universal screening (i.e. NSCH data in Study 2).
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来源期刊
Advances in Autism
Advances in Autism PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: Advances in Autism is unique in its focus on the health and care aspects and outcomes for people with autism. The journal''s content is international in focus and peer-reviewed. It includes the following: research-based articles evidence-based clinical and support articles articles on policy and advances in services where these can be internationally applied. Key areas of research covered include: clinical developments people''s experience through qualitative research policy debates and outcomes inclusion and quality of life developmental issues population and epidemiological studies services developments evidence-based reviews of key practice issues.
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