Tobi Moriaque Akplo, Aliou Faye, Augustine Obour, Zachary P. Stewart, Doohong Min, P. V. Vara Prasad
{"title":"粮食和饲料两用作物改善撒哈拉以南半干旱非洲地区营养安全的研究进展","authors":"Tobi Moriaque Akplo, Aliou Faye, Augustine Obour, Zachary P. Stewart, Doohong Min, P. V. Vara Prasad","doi":"10.1002/fes3.492","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Addressing the challenge of food and nutrition insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) will require innovative agriculture production systems that support multiple objectives. In recent years, several high-yielding, and nutrient-dense varieties of cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp), pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> (L.) R. Br.), and sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) have been developed purposely as dual-purpose (DP) varieties in SSA to meet human nutrition and livestock feed needs. This review synthesized published data on DP varieties from cowpea, pearl millet, and sorghum. Findings showed that DP crops and varieties were largely grown by smallholder farmers in a variety of soil and climatic conditions with production systems characterized by large gaps between attainable and actual crop yields which varied significantly among regions. While the grain and fodder yield of traditional varieties (TV) of cowpea averaged 700 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 860 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, the reported grain yield of DP varieties was 1100 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 2150 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for fodder. The average grain yield of TV millet varieties was 750 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 2500 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for fodder. Similarly, average grain yield for DP millet varieties was 2000 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 4200 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> fodder. Dual-purpose sorghum varieties yielded greater grain (>3000 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and fodder (3500 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) compared to TV. Little data were obtained on the nutritive qualities of cowpea, millet, and sorghum DP varieties. However, DP millet varieties were reported to be more digestible than TV varieties. Furthermore, adoption of DP varieties improves fertilizer use efficiency, profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience of the whole farm system compared to TV. Considering fertilizer's high prices, availability, and quality in semi-arid countries in addition to farmer poverty level, economic evaluation and environmental impact assessment are critical before wide dissemination.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.492","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Dual-purpose crops for grain and fodder to improve nutrition security in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa: A review\",\"authors\":\"Tobi Moriaque Akplo, Aliou Faye, Augustine Obour, Zachary P. Stewart, Doohong Min, P. V. Vara Prasad\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/fes3.492\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Addressing the challenge of food and nutrition insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) will require innovative agriculture production systems that support multiple objectives. In recent years, several high-yielding, and nutrient-dense varieties of cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp), pearl millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> (L.) R. Br.), and sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) have been developed purposely as dual-purpose (DP) varieties in SSA to meet human nutrition and livestock feed needs. This review synthesized published data on DP varieties from cowpea, pearl millet, and sorghum. Findings showed that DP crops and varieties were largely grown by smallholder farmers in a variety of soil and climatic conditions with production systems characterized by large gaps between attainable and actual crop yields which varied significantly among regions. While the grain and fodder yield of traditional varieties (TV) of cowpea averaged 700 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 860 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, the reported grain yield of DP varieties was 1100 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 2150 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for fodder. The average grain yield of TV millet varieties was 750 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 2500 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> for fodder. Similarly, average grain yield for DP millet varieties was 2000 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 4200 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> fodder. Dual-purpose sorghum varieties yielded greater grain (>3000 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and fodder (3500 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) compared to TV. Little data were obtained on the nutritive qualities of cowpea, millet, and sorghum DP varieties. However, DP millet varieties were reported to be more digestible than TV varieties. Furthermore, adoption of DP varieties improves fertilizer use efficiency, profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience of the whole farm system compared to TV. 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Dual-purpose crops for grain and fodder to improve nutrition security in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa: A review
Addressing the challenge of food and nutrition insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) will require innovative agriculture production systems that support multiple objectives. In recent years, several high-yielding, and nutrient-dense varieties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) have been developed purposely as dual-purpose (DP) varieties in SSA to meet human nutrition and livestock feed needs. This review synthesized published data on DP varieties from cowpea, pearl millet, and sorghum. Findings showed that DP crops and varieties were largely grown by smallholder farmers in a variety of soil and climatic conditions with production systems characterized by large gaps between attainable and actual crop yields which varied significantly among regions. While the grain and fodder yield of traditional varieties (TV) of cowpea averaged 700 kg ha−1 and 860 kg ha−1, respectively, the reported grain yield of DP varieties was 1100 kg ha−1 and 2150 kg ha−1 for fodder. The average grain yield of TV millet varieties was 750 kg ha−1 and 2500 kg ha−1 for fodder. Similarly, average grain yield for DP millet varieties was 2000 kg ha−1 and 4200 kg ha−1 fodder. Dual-purpose sorghum varieties yielded greater grain (>3000 kg ha−1) and fodder (3500 kg ha−1) compared to TV. Little data were obtained on the nutritive qualities of cowpea, millet, and sorghum DP varieties. However, DP millet varieties were reported to be more digestible than TV varieties. Furthermore, adoption of DP varieties improves fertilizer use efficiency, profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience of the whole farm system compared to TV. Considering fertilizer's high prices, availability, and quality in semi-arid countries in addition to farmer poverty level, economic evaluation and environmental impact assessment are critical before wide dissemination.
期刊介绍：
Food and Energy Security seeks to publish high quality and high impact original research on agricultural crop and forest productivity to improve food and energy security. It actively seeks submissions from emerging countries with expanding agricultural research communities. Papers from China, other parts of Asia, India and South America are particularly welcome. The Editorial Board, headed by Editor-in-Chief Professor Martin Parry, is determined to make FES the leading publication in its sector and will be aiming for a top-ranking impact factor.
Primary research articles should report hypothesis driven investigations that provide new insights into mechanisms and processes that determine productivity and properties for exploitation. Review articles are welcome but they must be critical in approach and provide particularly novel and far reaching insights.
Food and Energy Security offers authors a forum for the discussion of the most important advances in this field and promotes an integrative approach of scientific disciplines. Papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge.
Examples of areas covered in Food and Energy Security include:
• Agronomy
• Biotechnological Approaches
• Breeding & Genetics
• Climate Change
• Quality and Composition
• Food Crops and Bioenergy Feedstocks
• Developmental, Physiology and Biochemistry
• Functional Genomics
• Molecular Biology
• Pest and Disease Management
• Post Harvest Biology
• Soil Science
• Systems Biology
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