β-葡聚糖作为益生元辅助药物治疗糖尿病的研究进展

IF 4.6 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Katia Sivieri , Sonia Mariza de Oliveira , Audrey de Souza Marquez , Jara Pérez-Jiménez , Susana Nogueira Diniz
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引用次数: 16

摘要

糖尿病的患病率,特别是2型糖尿病(T2D)在世界范围内每年都在增加。因此,葡萄糖稳态的改变与肠道菌群的改变以及2型糖尿病(T2DM)及相关并发症的发生有关。在其他问题中,这个问题的一个重要方面是,据报道,在t2dm患者中存在生态失调的逆转,其中饮食起着关键作用,特别是膳食纤维已显示出有希望的地位。β-葡聚糖是由d -葡萄糖单体通过不同的β-糖苷键连接而成的非淀粉多糖类,其结构或分子量的变化会影响其表达的生物学特性。它们出现在某些谷物、酵母或蘑菇中,并因其降低胆固醇血症的作用而广为人知。本研究通过使用VOSviewer软件进行文献计量学分析和叙述性回顾,探索了β-葡聚糖由于其益生元作用而调节葡萄糖稳态的潜力的现有知识。文献计量学分析显示,尽管有大量文献涉及β-葡聚糖和糖尿病,但关于葡聚糖、糖尿病和肠道生态失调的文章很少。近十年来的临床前研究和临床试验的详细研究表明,由于β-葡聚糖的补充,葡萄糖稳态的改善,对生化标志物,肠道微生物群和β-葡聚糖的研究很少。然而,现有数据显示,在动物和人类中,有益细菌和短链脂肪酸(SCFAs),特别是丁酸的生产都有增加的趋势。这些方面应该在未来的几年里得到证实,以建立β-葡聚糖作为治疗糖尿病的益生元辅助剂的明确建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Insights on β-glucan as a prebiotic coadjuvant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: A review

Insights on β-glucan as a prebiotic coadjuvant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: A review

The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and, particularly, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing every year worldwide. Therefore, changed glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota and with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related complications. Among other concerns, an important aspect within this issue is the reversion of dysbiosis reported to be present in T2D patients, in which diet plays a key role, and particularly dietary fiber has shown a promising position. β-glucans are heterogeneous non-starch polysaccharides, constituted by D-glucose monomers linked through different β-glycosidic bonds, and changes in their structure or molecular weight affect the expressed biological properties. They appear in certain cereals, yeasts, or mushrooms and are widely known by their hypocholesterolemia effect. This study explored the current knowledge on the potential of β-glucans to modulate glucose homeostasis due to their prebiotic action, by performing a bibliometric analysis using the VOSviewer software and a narrative review. The bibliometric analysis showed that, despite the high number of references dealing with β-glucan and diabetes, there are few articles on glucans, diabetes, and intestinal dysbiosis. The detailed study on preclinical studies and clinical trials conducted during the last decade showed an improvement in glucose homeostasis due to β-glucan supplementation, studies on biochemical markers, and gut microbiota, and β-glucan are scarce. Nevertheless, existing data showed, both in animals and humans, a tendency towards an increase in beneficial bacteria and in the production of short-chain fat acids (SCFAs), particularly butyric acid. These aspects should be confirmed in the years to come to establish clear recommendations for β-glucan as a prebiotic coadjutant in the management of Diabetes Mellitus.

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