{"title":"不同表面条件下虚拟环境的运动步态调整：跑步机和地面行走对被动虚拟沉浸的适应不同吗？","authors":"Gonzalo Varas-Diaz, Shivani Paralkar, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt","doi":"10.1155/2020/8901973","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the kinematic gait adjustments performed in response to passive and photorealistic virtual reality environment (VRE) demands during over-ground and treadmill walking conditions and determine whether the surface presentation order affects the gait adjustments in response to different VREs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty young participants divided into two groups performed two virtual reality (VR) walking protocols which included two different VREs (snowy and crowded conditions). Group A performed the VR over-ground protocol (four natural walking (NW), seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials); Group B performed the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR over-ground protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials). Center of mass (COM) excursion angles and mediolateral (ML) COM excursions were analyzed and used as outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A showed higher COM excursion angles and ML-COM excursion on over-ground VR trials compared to NW trials (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while Group B only showed kinematic changes for the crowded VRE compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Post over-ground exposure, Group A showed greater COM excursion angle and ML-COM excursions on VR trials compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Post treadmill exposure, Group B only showed higher COM excursion angles for the snowy VRE compared to NW trials during the over-ground walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed that higher kinematic gait adjustments in response to VRE demands were observed during over-ground walking. Additionally, higher sensorimotor responses to VRE demands were observed when the VR protocol was first performed on the over-ground surface and followed by the treadmill walking condition (Group A) compared to the opposite (Group B).</p>","PeriodicalId":45585,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitation Research and Practice","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8901973"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769665/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Kinematic Gait Adjustments to Virtual Environments on Different Surface Conditions: Do Treadmill and Over-Ground Walking Exhibit Different Adaptations to Passive Virtual Immersion?\",\"authors\":\"Gonzalo Varas-Diaz, Shivani Paralkar, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2020/8901973\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the kinematic gait adjustments performed in response to passive and photorealistic virtual reality environment (VRE) demands during over-ground and treadmill walking conditions and determine whether the surface presentation order affects the gait adjustments in response to different VREs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty young participants divided into two groups performed two virtual reality (VR) walking protocols which included two different VREs (snowy and crowded conditions). Group A performed the VR over-ground protocol (four natural walking (NW), seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials); Group B performed the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR over-ground protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials). Center of mass (COM) excursion angles and mediolateral (ML) COM excursions were analyzed and used as outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A showed higher COM excursion angles and ML-COM excursion on over-ground VR trials compared to NW trials (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while Group B only showed kinematic changes for the crowded VRE compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Post over-ground exposure, Group A showed greater COM excursion angle and ML-COM excursions on VR trials compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Post treadmill exposure, Group B only showed higher COM excursion angles for the snowy VRE compared to NW trials during the over-ground walking protocol (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed that higher kinematic gait adjustments in response to VRE demands were observed during over-ground walking. Additionally, higher sensorimotor responses to VRE demands were observed when the VR protocol was first performed on the over-ground surface and followed by the treadmill walking condition (Group A) compared to the opposite (Group B).</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":45585,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Rehabilitation Research and Practice\",\"volume\":\"2020 \",\"pages\":\"8901973\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-12-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769665/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Rehabilitation Research and Practice\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8901973\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2020/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"REHABILITATION\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Rehabilitation Research and Practice","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8901973","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"REHABILITATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
研究背景本研究旨在考察在地面和跑步机行走条件下，针对被动和逼真虚拟现实环境（VRE）需求所进行的运动步态调整，并确定表面呈现顺序是否会影响针对不同VRE的步态调整：方法：20 名年轻参与者分为两组，分别进行了两种虚拟现实（VR）行走方案，其中包括两种不同的 VRE（雪地和拥挤环境）。A组先进行VR地面行走（4次自然行走、7次VR雪地行走和7次VR拥挤行走），然后进行VR跑步机行走（4次自然行走、1次VR雪地行走和1次VR拥挤行走）；B组先进行VR跑步机行走（4次自然行走、7次VR雪地行走和7次VR拥挤行走），然后进行VR地面行走（4次自然行走、1次VR雪地行走和1次VR拥挤行走）。对质量中心（COM）偏移角和内外侧（ML）COM偏移进行了分析，并将其作为结果测量指标：结果：与西北试验相比，A 组在地面 VR 试验中表现出更高的 COM 偏移角度和 ML-COM 偏移（p < 0.05），而 B 组在跑步机行走方案中与西北试验相比，仅在拥挤的 VRE 试验中表现出运动学变化（p < 0.05）。暴露于地面后，在跑步机行走方案中，A 组与 NW 试验相比，在 VR 试验中表现出更大的 COM 偏移角和 ML-COM 偏移（p < 0.05）。跑步机暴露后，B 组仅在雪地 VRE 试验中表现出较高的 COM 偏移角，而在地面行走方案中则表现出较高的 COM 偏移角（p < 0.01）：结果表明，在地面行走过程中，观察到针对 VRE 需求的运动步态调整较高。此外，与相反的情况（B 组）相比，首先在地面上进行 VRE 方案，然后在跑步机上行走（A 组）时，观察到对 VRE 需求的感觉运动反应更高。
Kinematic Gait Adjustments to Virtual Environments on Different Surface Conditions: Do Treadmill and Over-Ground Walking Exhibit Different Adaptations to Passive Virtual Immersion?
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the kinematic gait adjustments performed in response to passive and photorealistic virtual reality environment (VRE) demands during over-ground and treadmill walking conditions and determine whether the surface presentation order affects the gait adjustments in response to different VREs.
Methods: Twenty young participants divided into two groups performed two virtual reality (VR) walking protocols which included two different VREs (snowy and crowded conditions). Group A performed the VR over-ground protocol (four natural walking (NW), seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials); Group B performed the VR treadmill protocol (four NW, seven VR snowy, and seven VR crowded trials) followed by the VR over-ground protocol (four NW, one VR snowy, and one VR crowded trials). Center of mass (COM) excursion angles and mediolateral (ML) COM excursions were analyzed and used as outcome measures.
Results: Group A showed higher COM excursion angles and ML-COM excursion on over-ground VR trials compared to NW trials (p < 0.05), while Group B only showed kinematic changes for the crowded VRE compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (p < 0.05). Post over-ground exposure, Group A showed greater COM excursion angle and ML-COM excursions on VR trials compared to NW trials during the treadmill walking protocol (p < 0.05). Post treadmill exposure, Group B only showed higher COM excursion angles for the snowy VRE compared to NW trials during the over-ground walking protocol (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Results showed that higher kinematic gait adjustments in response to VRE demands were observed during over-ground walking. Additionally, higher sensorimotor responses to VRE demands were observed when the VR protocol was first performed on the over-ground surface and followed by the treadmill walking condition (Group A) compared to the opposite (Group B).
期刊介绍：
Rehabilitation Research and Practice is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of physical medicine and rehabilitation. The journal focuses on improving and restoring functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities. In addition, articles looking at techniques to assess and study disabling conditions will be considered.
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