Reihane Taheri, Olivia Weaver, Ming Ye, Jennifer E Vena, Jeffrey A Johnson, Donna Vine, Dean Eurich, Spencer D Proctor
{"title":"阿尔伯塔明天项目队列中健康饮食指数评分和n-3脂肪酸摄入量与心血管疾病发病率和脂质生物标志物的关系","authors":"Reihane Taheri, Olivia Weaver, Ming Ye, Jennifer E Vena, Jeffrey A Johnson, Donna Vine, Dean Eurich, Spencer D Proctor","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1630126","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unhealthy diet and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have shown an inverse association between greater n-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and reduced dyslipidemia and CVD risk. We aimed to assess the association of the healthy eating index (HEI) score and n-3 FA intake with CVD incidence and non-fasting RC in the Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study on a subset of ATP study participants (<i>n</i> = 23,248), with the mean age of 50.2 (35-69) years, 36% male and 64% female, and no history of cancer or CVD in Alberta, Canada. Dietary intake was assessed using the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire (CDHQ), from which the Canadian HEI-2005 score and total n-3 FA intake were calculated. Lipid panel markers were measured from non-fasting blood samples, and CVD was defined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems from linked administrative health records. The Cox proportional hazard model, linear regression, and logistic regression were used to assess the association of dietary intakes with CVD incidence, and lipid biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean follow-up was 13.9 years. For every 1 unit increase in the HEI score, the adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) of developing CVD decreased [HR: 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-0.98), 0.99 (95%CI 0.98-0.99), and 0.97 (95%CI 0.97-0.98) in females, males, and total cohort, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05)]. No significant association was found between absolute n-3 FA intake (g/d) with CVD incidence. However, higher relative intake (i.e., n-3 FA as proportion of energy) increased the risk of developing CVD [HR = 1.42 (95%CI 1.1-1.84), <i>p</i> = 0.006] in males. Adjusted multivariate regression in a subset (<i>n</i> = 8,458) showed no association between n-3 FA (g/d) intake and lipid biomarkers but a significant inverse association between HEI score and non-fasting RC [coefficient: -0.006 (95%CI -0.009--0.003) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.018--0.005) for males], and TG levels [-0.01 (95%CI -0.015--0.006) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.02--0.006) for males].</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Higher overall diet quality but not n-3 FA intake was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and non-fasting RC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1630126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505668/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The association of healthy eating index score and n-3 fatty acid intake with cardiovascular diseases incidence and lipid biomarkers in Alberta's tomorrow project cohort.\",\"authors\":\"Reihane Taheri, Olivia Weaver, Ming Ye, Jennifer E Vena, Jeffrey A Johnson, Donna Vine, Dean Eurich, Spencer D Proctor\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fnut.2025.1630126\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unhealthy diet and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have shown an inverse association between greater n-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and reduced dyslipidemia and CVD risk. We aimed to assess the association of the healthy eating index (HEI) score and n-3 FA intake with CVD incidence and non-fasting RC in the Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective study on a subset of ATP study participants (<i>n</i> = 23,248), with the mean age of 50.2 (35-69) years, 36% male and 64% female, and no history of cancer or CVD in Alberta, Canada. Dietary intake was assessed using the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire (CDHQ), from which the Canadian HEI-2005 score and total n-3 FA intake were calculated. Lipid panel markers were measured from non-fasting blood samples, and CVD was defined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems from linked administrative health records. The Cox proportional hazard model, linear regression, and logistic regression were used to assess the association of dietary intakes with CVD incidence, and lipid biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean follow-up was 13.9 years. For every 1 unit increase in the HEI score, the adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) of developing CVD decreased [HR: 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-0.98), 0.99 (95%CI 0.98-0.99), and 0.97 (95%CI 0.97-0.98) in females, males, and total cohort, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05)]. No significant association was found between absolute n-3 FA intake (g/d) with CVD incidence. However, higher relative intake (i.e., n-3 FA as proportion of energy) increased the risk of developing CVD [HR = 1.42 (95%CI 1.1-1.84), <i>p</i> = 0.006] in males. Adjusted multivariate regression in a subset (<i>n</i> = 8,458) showed no association between n-3 FA (g/d) intake and lipid biomarkers but a significant inverse association between HEI score and non-fasting RC [coefficient: -0.006 (95%CI -0.009--0.003) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.018--0.005) for males], and TG levels [-0.01 (95%CI -0.015--0.006) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.02--0.006) for males].</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Higher overall diet quality but not n-3 FA intake was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and non-fasting RC.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12473,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Frontiers in Nutrition\",\"volume\":\"12 \",\"pages\":\"1630126\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505668/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Frontiers in Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1630126\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1630126","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
The association of healthy eating index score and n-3 fatty acid intake with cardiovascular diseases incidence and lipid biomarkers in Alberta's tomorrow project cohort.
Introduction: Unhealthy diet and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have shown an inverse association between greater n-3 fatty acid (FA) intake and reduced dyslipidemia and CVD risk. We aimed to assess the association of the healthy eating index (HEI) score and n-3 FA intake with CVD incidence and non-fasting RC in the Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) cohort.
Methods: This is a prospective study on a subset of ATP study participants (n = 23,248), with the mean age of 50.2 (35-69) years, 36% male and 64% female, and no history of cancer or CVD in Alberta, Canada. Dietary intake was assessed using the Canadian Diet History Questionnaire (CDHQ), from which the Canadian HEI-2005 score and total n-3 FA intake were calculated. Lipid panel markers were measured from non-fasting blood samples, and CVD was defined using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems from linked administrative health records. The Cox proportional hazard model, linear regression, and logistic regression were used to assess the association of dietary intakes with CVD incidence, and lipid biomarkers.
Results: The mean follow-up was 13.9 years. For every 1 unit increase in the HEI score, the adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) of developing CVD decreased [HR: 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-0.98), 0.99 (95%CI 0.98-0.99), and 0.97 (95%CI 0.97-0.98) in females, males, and total cohort, respectively (p < 0.05)]. No significant association was found between absolute n-3 FA intake (g/d) with CVD incidence. However, higher relative intake (i.e., n-3 FA as proportion of energy) increased the risk of developing CVD [HR = 1.42 (95%CI 1.1-1.84), p = 0.006] in males. Adjusted multivariate regression in a subset (n = 8,458) showed no association between n-3 FA (g/d) intake and lipid biomarkers but a significant inverse association between HEI score and non-fasting RC [coefficient: -0.006 (95%CI -0.009--0.003) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.018--0.005) for males], and TG levels [-0.01 (95%CI -0.015--0.006) for females and -0.01 (95%CI -0.02--0.006) for males].
Discussion: Higher overall diet quality but not n-3 FA intake was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and non-fasting RC.
期刊介绍：
No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health.
Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.
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