美国荷斯坦牛耐热性基因组预测的发展。

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
N Vukasinovic, M A Sánchez-Castro, D Gonzalez-Peña, A Kulkarni
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引用次数: 0

摘要

热应激(HS)是奶牛整体福利和生产性能的主要威胁;尽管如此,美国的乳制品生产商还无法获得耐热性的基因评估。Zoetis已经积累了大量适合耐热性遗传和基因组评估的数据。因此,本研究的目的是基于生产者记录的数据和公开的天气信息,利用产奶量和首次受孕,对美国荷斯坦牛的耐热性进行基因组预测。测试日产奶量和授精记录来自分布在30个州的370个畜群,时间跨度为20年(2001-2021)。天气数据是从美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据库中提取的,并用于计算每日温度-湿度指数(THI)。每个牛群的生产和繁殖记录与最近气象站的THI数据合并。匹配后,约有8300万(M) TD牛奶记录和600多万例人工授精可用于分析。采用双变量反应范数线性模型对HS的影响进行建模,该模型假设HS的负面影响发生在THI≥70时。评估采用单步基因组BLUP (ssGBLUP)方法进行,将该算法应用于成熟和幼龄动物。超过2M的基因型动物可用。首次服务(CFS)模型将产犊、胎次、繁殖类型和自愿等待期的群年季(HYS)作为固定效应,而将加性遗传效应、HS遗传效应的THI随机回归、永久环境效应的THI随机回归和永久环境效应的THI随机回归视为随机效应。产奶量模型包括HYS、胎次和DIM类别作为固定效应,以及与CFS相同的随机效应。HS遗传成分的遗传力因THI而异,随着THI的增加,产奶量的遗传力为0.17 ~ 0.47,CFS的遗传力为0.08 ~ 0.55。在产奶量和CFS上,加性遗传与hs影响遗传成分的遗传相关分别为-0.29和-0.05。为了能够在合理的时间内在具有大量基因型的商业环境中运行评估,在对CFS进行线性转换后,将原始阈值线性模型改为双变量线性模型。获得了两个耐热ebv: Milk_THI(以kg为单位的日产奶量变化)和CFS_THI(以受孕率变化)。Milk_THI范围为-1.3至1.0 kg /天和THI单位,CFS_THI范围为-6.2至5.3个百分点。EBV对这两个性状的影响范围表明,在不影响产奶量或生育力的情况下,有可能提高荷斯坦奶牛的耐热性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Development of genomic predictions for heat tolerance in US Holstein cattle.

Heat stress (HS) represents a major threat to the overall welfare and performance of dairy cows; still, genetic evaluations for heat tolerance are not available to dairy producers in the United States. Zoetis has accumulated a large amount of data suitable for genetic and genomic evaluation for heat tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop genomic predictions for heat tolerance in US Holstein cattle using milk yield and conception at first service based on producer-recorded data coupled with publicly available weather information. Test-day (TD) milk yields and insemination records were available from 370 herds distributed across 30 states, spanning a 20-yr period (2001-2021). Weather data were extracted from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration database and used to calculate the daily temperature-humidity index (THI). Productive and reproductive records from each herd were merged with the THI data from the nearest weather station. After matching, about 83 million (M) TD milk records and over 6M inseminations were available for analysis. The effect of HS was modeled using a bivariate reaction norm linear model that assumed the negative impact of HS occurred at THI ≥70. The evaluation was conducted using the single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) methodology, applying the algorithm for proven and young animals. Over 2M genotyped animals were available. The model for conception at first service (CFS) included herd-year-season (HYS) of calving, parity, breeding type, and voluntary waiting period as fixed effects, whereas the additive genetic effect, the random regression on THI for HS genetic effect, the permanent environment, and the random regression on THI for the permanent environment effect were considered random. The model for milk yield included HYS, parity, and DIM classes as fixed effects and the same random effects as described for CFS. Heritabilities of the HS genetic components varied depending on THI, ranging from 0.17 to 0.47 for milk yield and from 0.08 to 0.55 for CFS as THI increased. Genetic correlations between additive genetic and HS-influenced genetic components were -0.29 and -0.05 for milk yield and CFS, respectively. To enable running evaluation in a commercial setting with very large number of genotypes within a reasonable time, the original threshold-linear model was changed to a bivariate linear model after performing a linear transformation of CFS. Two EBVs for heat tolerance were obtained, Milk_THI (expressed as change of daily milk yield in kg) and CFS_THI (expressed as the change of probability of conception) per unit increase of THI. Milk_THI ranged from -1.3 to 1.0 kg per day and unit of THI, and CFS_THI ranged from -6.2 to 5.3 percentage points. The range of EBV for both traits suggest potential to enhance heat tolerance in Holstein cows without negatively affecting milk production or fertility.

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来源期刊
Journal of Dairy Science
Journal of Dairy Science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
17.10%
发文量
784
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: The official journal of the American Dairy Science Association®, Journal of Dairy Science® (JDS) is the leading peer-reviewed general dairy research journal in the world. JDS readers represent education, industry, and government agencies in more than 70 countries with interests in biochemistry, breeding, economics, engineering, environment, food science, genetics, microbiology, nutrition, pathology, physiology, processing, public health, quality assurance, and sanitation.
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