丙酸包埋和青贮时间对高水分燧石玉米籽粒青贮原位淀粉降解率的影响

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Bernardo M Martins, Ricardo A M Vieira, Carina S Bittencourt, João V C Rodrigues, Poliana T R Salgado, Luciano S Santos, Luiz F Ferraretto, Edenio Detmann, Alex L Silva, Polyana P Rotta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究评价了丙酸包埋(0、0.25和0.50%新鲜物质)和青贮时间(ENT; 30、60、90、120、150和180 d)对高水分火石玉米籽粒青贮(HMC)化学成分、发酵特性、DM损失和原位瘤胃淀粉降解率的影响。水分45%、玻璃率80%的碾压玉米在10-L的小型筒仓中青贮,包装密度为1,300 kg/m3。试验设计采用3 × 6因子设计,每个处理3个重复,共54个筒仓。分析样品的化学成分、氨氮、pH、有机酸和瘤胃淀粉降解率。采用尼龙袋技术对3头瘤胃空心荷斯坦奶牛的瘤胃降解率进行评估,并采用非线性建模方法估计淀粉降解动力学。用于霉菌毒素分析和瘤胃淀粉降解率,还包括0-d(未青贮)样品。数据分析采用SAS的nlmix程序,采用Newton-Raphson优化算法和自适应高斯正交进行似然积分。进行PAI与对照治疗(0% PAI)以及PAI水平之间的对比。在DM损失方面,PAI和ENT之间存在相互作用,在ENT 60 d时,0.50% PAI处理青贮体的DM损失最大,达6%。经PAI处理的青贮饲料最终pH值低于对照组,但未改善发酵状况。粗蛋白质随ENT的延长而降低,氨氮随ENT的延长而升高。ENT提高了瘤胃淀粉降解率,PAI降低了淀粉降解率和最大降解程度。在180 d时,估计降解率为对照处理100%/h, 0.25% PAI处理80%/h, 0.50% PAI处理70%/h。综上所述,在本试验条件下,PAI没有改善青贮发酵状况,反而对瘤胃淀粉降解率产生负面影响。相反,延长ENT可提高淀粉的利用率。因此,建议长期ENT (180 d),以优化HMC,特别是燧石型玉米籽粒的营养价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of propionic acid inclusion and ensiling time on in situ ruminal starch degradability of high-moisture flint corn grain silage.

This study evaluated the effects of propionic acid inclusion (PAI; 0, 0.25, and 0.50% of fresh matter) and ensiling time (ENT; 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 d) on the chemical composition, fermentation profile, DM losses, and in situ ruminal starch degradability of high-moisture flint corn grain silage (HMC). Rolled corn grain with 45% moisture and 80% vitreousness was ensiled in 10-L mini silos at a packing density of 1,300 kg/m3. The experimental design followed a 3 × 6 factorial arrangement with 3 replicates per treatment, totaling 54 silos. Samples were analyzed for chemical composition, ammonia-N, pH, organic acids, and ruminal starch degradability. Ruminal degradability was assessed using a nylon bag technique incubated in 3 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and a nonlinear modeling approach was applied to estimate starch degradation kinetics. For mycotoxin analysis and ruminal starch degradability, the 0-d (non-ensiled) sample was also included. Data analysis employed the NLMIXED procedure of SAS, with the Newton-Raphson optimization algorithm and adaptive Gaussian quadrature for likelihood integration. Contrasts were conducted to compare PAI versus control treatment (0% PAI) and between the PAI levels. An interaction between PAI and ENT was observed for DM losses, with the greatest losses (>6%) occurring in silages treated with 0.50% PAI at 60 d ENT. Silages treated with PAI had lower final pH values than the control, although PAI did not improve fermentation profile. Crude protein decreased, and ammonia-N increased with longer ENT. Ruminal starch degradability improved with ENT, but PAI reduced both the degradation rate and the maximum extent of starch degradation. At 180 d, estimated degradation rates were 100%/h for the control treatment, 80%/h for 0.25% PAI, and 70%/h for 0.50% PAI. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, PAI did not improve silage fermentation profile and negatively affected starch degradability in the rumen. Conversely, prolonged ENT improved starch availability. Therefore, long-term ENT (180 d) is recommended to optimize the nutritional value of HMC, particularly in flint-type corn grain.

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来源期刊
Journal of Dairy Science
Journal of Dairy Science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
17.10%
发文量
784
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: The official journal of the American Dairy Science Association®, Journal of Dairy Science® (JDS) is the leading peer-reviewed general dairy research journal in the world. JDS readers represent education, industry, and government agencies in more than 70 countries with interests in biochemistry, breeding, economics, engineering, environment, food science, genetics, microbiology, nutrition, pathology, physiology, processing, public health, quality assurance, and sanitation.
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