卫生专业人员对轻度认知障碍转诊过程的看法:促进因素、障碍和解决办法。

IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Magda Fonseca, Natália Araújo, Luís Ruano, Mariana Amorim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

早期发现和转诊轻度认知障碍或早期痴呆患者有助于改善患者和护理人员的预后。很少有研究探讨初级保健临床医生转诊决策的质量和潜在背景。本研究旨在探讨来自葡萄牙北部的医疗保健专业人员对疑似患有轻度认知障碍的患者转介到神经病学服务过程中的促进因素、障碍和解决方案的看法。方法:采用两个面对面的焦点小组,通过电子邮件邀请从葡萄牙北部选取11名具有痴呆领域经验的初级和二级保健专业人员。讨论的重点是转诊的好处、不同级别护理面临的优势和挑战,以及可能的改进策略。数据分析采用归纳和演绎专题分析,并采用三角测量,以确保研究的严谨性。结果:该研究确定了患者和护理人员、医疗保健专业人员和医疗保健系统层面的促进因素和障碍。这一过程受到相互关联的因素的影响,包括患者和护理人员的社会人口统计学和文化背景,关于转诊标准应用的临床实践,以及有关痴呆症的当地医疗保健系统的组织和研究背景。提出了克服突出障碍的解决方案,这些解决方案的实施得到了所描述的许多促进者的支持。结论:深入了解社会人口学、临床和组织因素之间的相互作用,可以做出更客观有效的转诊决策,最终支持及时诊断,提高生活质量。本研究的结果对优化当地转诊流程很有价值,可能对类似的医疗保健环境有用。建议未来的研究包括患者和护理人员的观点,以加强国家痴呆症战略的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Health Professionals' Perspectives on the Referral Process in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Facilitators, Barriers, and Solutions.

Introduction: Early detection and referral of patients with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia can contribute to improved outcomes for both patients and caregivers. Few studies explore the quality and underlying context of referral decision-making by Primary Care Clinicians. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare professionals from Northern Portugal regarding the facilitators, barriers, and solutions within the referral process to the Neurology service for patients suspected of having mild cognitive impairment.

Methods: Two face-to-face focus groups were conducted with 11 primary and secondary care professionals from Northern Portugal, with experience in the field of dementia, selected and recruited through an email invitation. The discussion focused on the benefits of referrals, the strengths and challenges faced at different levels of care, and possible improvement strategies. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis, with triangulation employed to ensure research rigor.

Results: The study identified facilitators and barriers at the levels of patients and caregivers, healthcare professionals, and the healthcare system. This process is influenced by interconnected factors, including the sociodemographic and literacy context of patients and caregivers, clinical practice regarding the application of referral criteria, and the organizational and research context of the local healthcare system concerning dementia. Solutions were proposed to overcome the highlighted barriers, whose implementation is supported by many of the facilitators described.

Conclusion: A deeper understanding of the interplay between sociodemographic, clinical, and organizational factors can lead to more objective and effective referral decisions, ultimately supporting timely diagnosis and enhancing quality of life. The findings of this study are valuable for optimizing local referral processes and may be useful in similar healthcare contexts. It is recommended that future research include the perspectives of patients and caregivers to enhance the approach to the national dementia strategy.

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来源期刊
Acta medica portuguesa
Acta medica portuguesa MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
256
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The aim of Acta Médica Portuguesa is to publish original research and review articles in biomedical areas of the highest standard, covering several domains of medical knowledge, with the purpose to help doctors improve medical care. In order to accomplish these aims, Acta Médica Portuguesa publishes original articles, review articles, case reports and editorials, among others, with a focus on clinical, scientific, social, political and economic factors affecting health. Acta Médica Portuguesa will be happy to consider manuscripts for publication from authors anywhere in the world.
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