Advancements in Metallic Electrode Materials for Plasma Discharges Applications: Corrosion and Erosion Mechanisms in Liquid Phase Discharges

Electrodes are core components in plasma discharge technology, and their material selection and structural design directly affect the performance and stability of the system. As plasma technology is widely applied in environmental treatment, materials preparation, and biomedicine, there is a growing demand for optimizing electrode materials. However, the diversity of discharge forms and application scenarios makes it difficult to draw unified conclusions about the applicability and performance of electrode materials across studies, particularly in liquid-phase discharges, where corrosion of metal electrodes becomes more prominent, posing challenges to the selection and design of electrodes. This review systematically summarizes the performance of various metal electrode materials in plasma discharge technology in different applications, particularly the generation of corrosion products in water treatment, disinfection, and sterilization, and their influence on the treatment efficacy.