Solution Plasma as A Tool for the Synthesis of Nanostructures and Purification from Contaminants. A Brief Review

The intensive operations of enterprises across various sectors, such as textiles, chemicals, and electronics, generate significant amounts of contaminated water discharges, commonly referred to as industrial wastewater. The application of Advanced Oxidative Technologies, including ozonation, UV irradiation, Fenton processes, and plasma chemistry, is becoming increasingly prevalent for purification purposes. Among these methods, plasma chemistry is regarded as the most promising due to its integration of physical and chemical effects. The combination of plasma with liquids activates the liquid and generates chemically reactive species (atoms, radicals, ions, etc.), whose interactions facilitate the degradation of organic compounds, the binding and precipitation of inorganic ions, and the synthesis of new structures. This study provides a concise review of the use of plasma in contact with liquids for the removal of organic and inorganic components from wastewater. The development of oxide structures during plasma combustion positively influences the removal of impurities.