Residual analysis and dietary exposure risk assessment for PFASs in seafoods from southeast China

This study systematically analyzed 17 per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in seafood samples collected from Taizhou, southeast China, and assessed the health risks to local residents. Results revealed widespread PFAS contamination, with overall detection frequencies ranging from 51.3 % (bivalve) to 72.7 % (shrimp). Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) exhibited the highest detection frequencies at 38.2 % and 41.2 %, respectively. Marine fish, particularly mackerel, hairtail, and hatchetfish, had high PFOS levels (up to 11.4 µg/kg ww), while shrimp displayed high PFTrDA concentrations (0.85 µg/kg ww) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA, 0.87 µg/kg ww). Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) exhibited a strong positive correlation (r = 0.89, p < 0.01). Dietary exposure assessment revealed that the total estimated daily intake (EDI) of PFOA, PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) based on median residual levels was 1.62 ng/kg/day for males and 1.91 ng/kg/day for females. For frequent seafood consumers, there is potential long-term health risks. This study highlights the need for enhanced monitoring of PFASs in seafood and targeted dietary guidance to mitigate human exposure in coastal regions.