Preliminary Research: Effectiveness of an Intervention Program Based on New Technologies for the Improvement of Cognitive and Motor Processes in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence, characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms often interfere with academic, social, and family functioning. In recent years, the use of digital tools and video games has garnered attention as an innovative and engaging approach for neurocognitive rehabilitation. The primary objective of this randomized controlled study was to investigate the comparative effects of two cognitive intervention approaches-one based on new technologies and one using traditional methods-on attention, inhibitory control, and processing speed in children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. Thirty-three participants aged 6-17 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 17), which received Nintendo Switch-based therapy, or a control group (n = 16), which received traditional board game therapy. Both interventions lasted 8 weeks and included 16 sessions. Outcomes were assessed using the WISC-V, STROOP, and CARAS-R tests. Results showed significant within-group improvements in both groups. The control group exhibited gains in sustained attention and inhibitory control (CARAS-R and STROOP tests, p < 0.05), while the experimental group improved significantly in processing speed, as measured by the WISC-V (p = 0.001). However, no significant differences were found between groups. These findings suggest that both interventions may be effective for enhancing different cognitive processes in children with ADHD. Importantly, the use of familiar digital technologies like the Nintendo Switch may promote greater motivation and adherence to treatment. Further research with larger samples and long-term follow-up is warranted to validate and extend these preliminary findings, as the current sample size was not powered to detect medium or small effects.