Cost-benefit analysis of interventions for dementia: a scoping review.

Background and objectives: Recently, cost-benefit analysis has been increasingly used to evaluate the value of interventions for dementia. This study aims to synthesize the methodology used in cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for dementia interventions.

Research design and methods: We conducted a scoping review with comprehensive systematic searches for original peer-reviewed articles published from January 2010 to December 2023, and included the studies if they (1) performed a CBA of interventions for dementia, (2) described either cost or benefit items, and (3) performed quantitative data analysis on either costs or benefits. The review adhered to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist to write the report.

Results: Of the 3415 articles found from the search, 15 were included in the review. Data analysis included the traditional CBA approach and its integration with the social return on investment approach. The set of cost and benefit items may vary depending on the intervention. Staff training, intervention supplies, building hire, and transportation were common cost items. Quality-adjusted life years (QALY), general practitioner visits, and emergency room visits were common benefit items. Cost data were often sourced from the study budget/assumptions. Benefit data were often sourced from the social value banks and literature. Market and shadow pricing were used for cost valuation. The value of statistical life was frequently used for benefit valuation.

Discussion and implications: This review synthesized data analysis methods, lists of cost and benefit items, data sources, and valuation methods used in the CBA of interventions for dementia. The findings provide helpful information for considering methodology in future CBA of interventions for dementia and similar interventions or conditions.