A Hansson, K Holtenius, R Båge, M Lindberg, C Kronqvist
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Data including calving records, fertility metrics, monthly milk yields, and culling rates were collected from the Swedish official milk recording scheme. Out of 819 cows enrolled, 590 completed a third calving. The protocol extended the interval from calving to first insemination by 60 d, which resulted in a 46-d increase in the calving interval (12.5 mo vs. 14.0 mo). Daily milk yields did not differ between groups and averaged 34 kg ECM per day between 2 consecutive calvings and 40 kg ECM per lactating day. Although average milk yield at the last test milking before dry-off tended to be lower in cows with an extended voluntary waiting period compared with those on a conventional one (LSM 32.5 ± 0.96 kg ECM vs. 33.7 ± 1.01 kg ECM), dry period length remained unaffected. Total milk yield in the first 100 d of the third lactation did not differ between treatments. Fertility outcomes were improved in the extended voluntary waiting period group compared with the conventional group, as indicated by a higher pregnancy proportion at first service (LSM 0.62 ± 0.050 vs. 0.46 ± 0.046), fewer inseminations per born calf (LSM 1.61 ± 0.131 vs. 2.02 ± 0.137), and shorter insemination period (LSM 20.8 ± 4.8 d vs. 35.6 ± 4.3 d). The voluntary waiting period did not influence culling rates. These findings indicate that a voluntary waiting period of 140 d may be a viable alternative to the conventional 50-d duration, without compromising milk production and fertility in second-parity cows from high-yielding herds.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of voluntary waiting period length on milk yield, fertility, and culling in high-yielding, second-parity cows.\",\"authors\":\"A Hansson, K Holtenius, R Båge, M Lindberg, C Kronqvist\",\"doi\":\"10.3168/jds.2025-26348\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The substantial increase in milk yield capacity in modern dairy herds has led to growing interest in extending the voluntary waiting period, the time from calving to first insemination, as a strategy to prolong the calving interval. However, the effects of an extended voluntary waiting period on fertility and milk production vary, particularly between primiparous and multiparous cows. This study evaluated the effect of an extended voluntary waiting period, compared with a conventional one, on fertility, milk production, and culling in second-parity cows from 12 high-yielding commercial herds. Cows were distributed, based on odd or even ear tag numbers, and allocated into either a 50- or 140-d voluntary waiting period. Data including calving records, fertility metrics, monthly milk yields, and culling rates were collected from the Swedish official milk recording scheme. Out of 819 cows enrolled, 590 completed a third calving. The protocol extended the interval from calving to first insemination by 60 d, which resulted in a 46-d increase in the calving interval (12.5 mo vs. 14.0 mo). Daily milk yields did not differ between groups and averaged 34 kg ECM per day between 2 consecutive calvings and 40 kg ECM per lactating day. Although average milk yield at the last test milking before dry-off tended to be lower in cows with an extended voluntary waiting period compared with those on a conventional one (LSM 32.5 ± 0.96 kg ECM vs. 33.7 ± 1.01 kg ECM), dry period length remained unaffected. Total milk yield in the first 100 d of the third lactation did not differ between treatments. Fertility outcomes were improved in the extended voluntary waiting period group compared with the conventional group, as indicated by a higher pregnancy proportion at first service (LSM 0.62 ± 0.050 vs. 0.46 ± 0.046), fewer inseminations per born calf (LSM 1.61 ± 0.131 vs. 2.02 ± 0.137), and shorter insemination period (LSM 20.8 ± 4.8 d vs. 35.6 ± 4.3 d). The voluntary waiting period did not influence culling rates. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
现代奶牛群产奶量的大幅增加导致人们越来越有兴趣延长自愿等待期,即从产犊到第一次授精的时间,作为延长产犊间隔的一种策略。然而,延长自愿等待期对生育力和产奶量的影响各不相同,特别是在初产奶牛和多产奶牛之间。本研究评估了与传统等待期相比,延长自愿等待期对12个高产商业畜群二胎奶牛的生育力、产奶量和淘汰的影响。根据单双耳号对奶牛进行分配,并将其分配到50天或140天的自愿等待期。数据包括产犊记录、生育指标、月产奶量和扑杀率,收集自瑞典官方牛奶记录计划。在819头奶牛中,有590头完成了第三次产犊。该方案将产犊至首次授精的间隔延长了60天,导致产犊间隔延长了46天(12.5个月对14.0个月)。日产奶量各组间无显著差异,连续产犊2次平均日产量为34 kg,泌乳日平均日产量为40 kg。尽管与传统奶牛相比,自愿等待期延长的奶牛在干前最后一次试验挤奶时的平均产奶量往往较低(LSM 32.5±0.96 kg ECM vs. 33.7±1.01 kg ECM),但干期长度不受影响。第三次泌乳前100 d的总产奶量在不同处理之间无显著差异。与常规组相比,延长自愿等待期组的生育结果有所改善,首次服务妊娠率较高(LSM为0.62±0.050比0.46±0.046),每头出生小牛受精卵较少(LSM为1.61±0.131比2.02±0.137),授精周期较短(LSM为20.8±4.8 d比35.6±4.3 d)。自愿等待期对扑杀率没有影响。这些发现表明,140天的自愿等待期可能是传统的50天等待期的可行替代方案,而不会影响高产牛群的二胎奶牛的产奶量和生育力。
Effect of voluntary waiting period length on milk yield, fertility, and culling in high-yielding, second-parity cows.
The substantial increase in milk yield capacity in modern dairy herds has led to growing interest in extending the voluntary waiting period, the time from calving to first insemination, as a strategy to prolong the calving interval. However, the effects of an extended voluntary waiting period on fertility and milk production vary, particularly between primiparous and multiparous cows. This study evaluated the effect of an extended voluntary waiting period, compared with a conventional one, on fertility, milk production, and culling in second-parity cows from 12 high-yielding commercial herds. Cows were distributed, based on odd or even ear tag numbers, and allocated into either a 50- or 140-d voluntary waiting period. Data including calving records, fertility metrics, monthly milk yields, and culling rates were collected from the Swedish official milk recording scheme. Out of 819 cows enrolled, 590 completed a third calving. The protocol extended the interval from calving to first insemination by 60 d, which resulted in a 46-d increase in the calving interval (12.5 mo vs. 14.0 mo). Daily milk yields did not differ between groups and averaged 34 kg ECM per day between 2 consecutive calvings and 40 kg ECM per lactating day. Although average milk yield at the last test milking before dry-off tended to be lower in cows with an extended voluntary waiting period compared with those on a conventional one (LSM 32.5 ± 0.96 kg ECM vs. 33.7 ± 1.01 kg ECM), dry period length remained unaffected. Total milk yield in the first 100 d of the third lactation did not differ between treatments. Fertility outcomes were improved in the extended voluntary waiting period group compared with the conventional group, as indicated by a higher pregnancy proportion at first service (LSM 0.62 ± 0.050 vs. 0.46 ± 0.046), fewer inseminations per born calf (LSM 1.61 ± 0.131 vs. 2.02 ± 0.137), and shorter insemination period (LSM 20.8 ± 4.8 d vs. 35.6 ± 4.3 d). The voluntary waiting period did not influence culling rates. These findings indicate that a voluntary waiting period of 140 d may be a viable alternative to the conventional 50-d duration, without compromising milk production and fertility in second-parity cows from high-yielding herds.
期刊介绍:
The official journal of the American Dairy Science Association®, Journal of Dairy Science® (JDS) is the leading peer-reviewed general dairy research journal in the world. JDS readers represent education, industry, and government agencies in more than 70 countries with interests in biochemistry, breeding, economics, engineering, environment, food science, genetics, microbiology, nutrition, pathology, physiology, processing, public health, quality assurance, and sanitation.