Research on Electromagnetic Scattering Characteristics of Moving Time-Varying Dusty Plasma Based on Lorentz-SO-FDTD Method

This article establishes an electromagnetic scattering model for high-speed moving targets covered by a dusty plasma sheath, utilizing the Bhatnagar-Gross–Krook (BGK) collision model of fully ionized dusty plasma. The proposed Lorentz-shift-operator finite-difference time-domain (Lorentz-SO-FDTD) method is employed to compute the backscatter radar cross section (RCS) of complex blunt cone targets at varying velocities. Furthermore, considering the time-varying nature of electron density in dusty plasma, this study investigates the frequency-domain scattering properties of a moving blunt cone target coated with time-varying dusty plasma. The results indicate that the Doppler effect, caused by the target’s motion, influences both the echo signal and the backward RCS. Additionally, the time-varying characteristics of electron density modulate the scattering field of moving targets. The frequency components of the time-varying electron density and their higher order harmonics can be detected in the scattering field spectrum, leading to a reduction in the primary frequency energy of the echo signal spectrum.