Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP27B1 and VDR genes associated with treatment outcomes in hepatitis B and C: A minireview

Vitamin D, essential for immune modulation, is metabolized by enzymes encoded by the CYP27B1 gene and exerts its effects through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Genetic variations in these genes may influence antiviral response, particularly to treatments with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. This work consists of a descriptive literature review analyzing the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP27B1 and VDR genes on the antiviral treatment response for HBV and HCV. The results indicate that specific SNPs, such as rs4646536 and rs10877012 in the CYP27B1 gene and rs7975232/ApaI, rs1544410/BsmI, rs731236/TaqI, and rs10735810—rs2228570/FokI in the VDR gene, may be associated with variable therapeutic responses, including higher rates of sustained virological response (SVR) and reduced viral load. Given the limited efficacy of current antiviral therapies, identifying relevant SNPs in genes related to the vitamin D pathway may help select responsive patients, personalize hepatitis B and C therapy approaches, and minimize side effects.