Optimizing market driven usage modulation in regional integrated energy systems for sustainable energy efficiency and peak load balancing

With ongoing reforms reshaping the energy market, the operation and optimization of energy systems are increasingly influenced by market-driven dynamics. This study examines the complexities of energy flows within regional integrated energy systems, extending the concept of consumption modulation to encompass the electrical energy, heating, and cooling demands. A comprehensive framework is developed that incorporates market-oriented modulation strategies aimed at balancing peak and off-peak loads, minimizing carbon emissions, and improving overall system efficiency. These strategies are designed to enhance economic outcomes for both energy retailers and consumers. The proposed framework utilizes a balanced formula augmentation method to evaluate equipment characteristics, hourly energy outputs, and operational policies. Notable innovations include dynamic pricing mechanisms, flexible modulation of dispatchable and transferable loads, and optimal scheduling based on real-time load redistribution. These approaches contribute to system stability, operational flexibility, and sustainability. A case study focused on a manufacturing park reveals peak electricity demand of 46.10 MW at 17:00, with a peak-to-valley ratio of 12.20. Cooling and heating demand peak at 28.59 MW and 23.34 MW at 15:00 and 12:00, respectively. Implementation of demand response strategies effectively reduces these peaks, demonstrating significant load shifting and improved demand curve flattening across all energy forms.