Research on superposition-level dual power allocation control strategy for energy storage integration in electrified oil rigs: Load shock mitigation and energy utilization efficiency

Changes in geological and working conditions during drilling result in the intermittent and cyclical operation of high-power equipment on oil drilling rigs, which leads to substantial alternating load impacts on the grid. To address this problem, this paper collects full-cycle and full-operating power data and operating parameters from "electrified" oil rigs. The power fluctuation characteristics have been derived under multiple operating conditions and multi-dimensional variables. A physically-coupled, hierarchical control strategy utilizing a storage system is proposed to address grid stability and power supply challenges. This framework resolves the intrinsic conflict between grid stability and drilling safety. In the first transient phase, condition-dependent peak shaving is achieved using multi-dimensional power signatures extracted from field data. During the safety-critical period, dynamic coordination of state-of-charge constraints with downhole physical boundaries is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. This paper validates the proposed control strategy on oil rig field platforms, demonstrating a reduction in the daily peak-to-valley power difference by 42 %. This results in annual savings of approximately 538,000 RMB per rig, with a payback period of 4.5 years, while reducing CO₂ emissions by 18.7 tonnes per well. The control strategy represents a pioneering integration of short-term load balancing and medium-term constraint adaptation, bridging the gap between transient power fluctuations and mechanical safety limits. Furthermore, it marks the industry's first field validation of storage-assisted electrification in complex drilling cycles. This methodology establishes a replicable framework for high-transient industrial microgrids, advancing the transition to sustainable energy systems in fossil fuel-based industries.