20世纪的代际教育流动

IF 4.8 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY
Mobarak Hossain, Martina Beretta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

代际教育流动性,即子女教育与其父母教育的关联程度,已成为全球主要的政策讨论。由于20世纪初的数据有限,研究各国的长期模式仍然很困难,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)。我们分析了来自92个国家的5370万份观察报告,主要使用IPUMS人口普查数据,发现最近的队列显示出世界各地教育流动性的增加,后苏联国家是例外。这种增长在女儿中更为明显,导致许多中低收入国家基于性别的流动性差距缩小,而在高收入国家(HICs),这种模式发生了逆转,近几十年来女儿的流动性更大。然而,高收入国家的流动性仍然高于中低收入国家。此外,我们发现学校教育的扩大和代际流动之间存在显著的联系。这种扩张与女儿代际流动性的大幅上升有关,尤其是与母亲与父亲的教育程度相比。通过一系列稳健性检查,包括跨多个来源的数据三角测量,我们的结果证明了强大的外部和内部有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Intergenerational Educational Mobility During the Twentieth Century
Intergenerational educational mobility, capturing the extent to which children's education is associated with their parents’ education, has become a major global policy discussion. Studying its long‐term patterns across countries remains difficult, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), due to limited early twentieth‐century data. Analyzing about 53.7 million observations from 92 countries, using mainly IPUMS census data, we find that recent cohorts exhibit increasing educational mobility across various world regions, with post‐Soviet countries as exceptions. This increase is more prominent for daughters, resulting in a narrowed gender‐based mobility gap in many LMICs, while reversing this pattern in high‐income countries (HICs), with daughters being more mobile in recent decades. Nevertheless, mobility remains higher in HICs than in LMICs. Moreover, we identify a significant association between the expansion of schooling and intergenerational mobility. This expansion is associated with a more substantial rise in intergenerational mobility for daughters, especially in relation to their mothers’ education compared to that of their fathers. Our results demonstrate strong external and internal validity through a series of robustness checks, including data triangulation across multiple sources.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
4.00%
发文量
60
期刊介绍: Population and Development Review is essential reading to keep abreast of population studies, research on the interrelationships between population and socioeconomic change, and related thinking on public policy. Its interests span both developed and developing countries, theoretical advances as well as empirical analyses and case studies, a broad range of disciplinary approaches, and concern with historical as well as present-day problems.
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