Clitoria ternatea flower extract assisted synthesis of Pluronic F127 and L-histidine coated SrO2 as a multimodality nanocomposite for anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and antimicrobial activities.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) is a highly aggressive liver cancer with poor prognosis, limited treatment options, and high mortality rates, making it a serious global health concern that demands urgent development of more effective and safer therapeutic approaches. In this context, the present study focuses on the green synthesis of SrO2 nanoparticles using Clitoria ternatea flower extract, followed by surface modification with Pluronic F127 (PF127) and L-histidine (LH), to fabricate SrO2-PF127-LH nanocomposites aimed at evaluating their potential anticancer efficacy against the HepG2 cell line. Various analytical techniques were used to characterize the nanocomposite, and then their anticancer activity against HePG2 liver cancer cells, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial activity against the bacteria mentioned above were evaluated. XRD revealed the crystalline nature of SrO₂ with a tetragonal phase. FTIR spectrum confirmed the Sr-O stretching band at 573 cm^-1 for SrO₂-PF127-LH nanocomposite. UV-visible analysis revealed the band gap energies of 4.13 eV for SrO₂ and 4.07 eV for SrO₂-PF127-LH nanocomposite. The surface defects including oxygen vacancies of SrO₂-PF127-LH nanocomposite were investigated using PL analysis. The SrO₂-PF127-LH nanocomposite exhibited excellent antibacterial and antioxidant activities when compared to SrO₂ nanoparticles alone. In addition, the SrO₂-PF127-LH nanocomposite had enhanced anticancer activity against liver cancer (HePG2) cell lines.