Ricardo E Carrión, Majnu John, Sarah Dorvil, Andrea Auther, Danielle McLaughlin, Mitchell Arnovitz, Peter Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Erica Duncan, Holly Hamilton, Jason Johannesen, Benson Ku, Gregory Light, Margaret Niznikiewicz, Brian J Roach, Jean Addington, Carrie E Bearden, Kristin S Cadenhead, Tyrone D Cannon, Matcheri Keshavan, Diana O Perkins, William S Stone, Ming Tsuang, Elaine F Walker, Scott W Woods, Daniel H Mathalon, Barbara A Cornblatt
{"title":"探索早期听觉加工、加工速度、社会认知和临床精神病高危个体社会功能阴性症状之间的通路：结构方程模型方法","authors":"Ricardo E Carrión, Majnu John, Sarah Dorvil, Andrea Auther, Danielle McLaughlin, Mitchell Arnovitz, Peter Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Erica Duncan, Holly Hamilton, Jason Johannesen, Benson Ku, Gregory Light, Margaret Niznikiewicz, Brian J Roach, Jean Addington, Carrie E Bearden, Kristin S Cadenhead, Tyrone D Cannon, Matcheri Keshavan, Diana O Perkins, William S Stone, Ming Tsuang, Elaine F Walker, Scott W Woods, Daniel H Mathalon, Barbara A Cornblatt","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.06.033","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social functioning difficulties in adolescents and young-adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) are among the strongest risk factors for psychosis onset. Recent research in patients with schizophrenia has demonstrated complex relationships between early auditory processing deficits as measured by the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) response of the auditory event-related potential (ERP), neurocognition, social cognition, negative symptoms, and social functioning. However, the interrelationships of these variables and associations with social functioning impairments prior to the onset of the illness are unclear. The present study used a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to integrate these factors to determine the specific determinants that lead to poor social functioning in CHR-P youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>518 CHR-P individuals from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2) were used to evaluate SEMs with pathways starting from MMN to social functioning. The intervening variables included processing speed, social cognition, and negative symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A final trimmed model revealed that early auditory processing (MMN) had a direct effect on processing speed, and both processing speed and negative symptoms had direct effects on social functioning. The direct effect from social cognition to social functioning was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that neurophysiological deficits are associated with social functioning by way of processing speed impairments, which fully accounted for the relationship, in CHR-P youth prior to psychosis onset. These results may have implications for early intervention strategies that target early information processing deficits with the aim of improving social trajectories and limiting psychosis onset in young CHR-P individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":8918,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploring the pathways between early auditory processing, processing speed, social cognition, and negative symptoms on social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: A structural equation modeling approach.\",\"authors\":\"Ricardo E Carrión, Majnu John, Sarah Dorvil, Andrea Auther, Danielle McLaughlin, Mitchell Arnovitz, Peter Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Erica Duncan, Holly Hamilton, Jason Johannesen, Benson Ku, Gregory Light, Margaret Niznikiewicz, Brian J Roach, Jean Addington, Carrie E Bearden, Kristin S Cadenhead, Tyrone D Cannon, Matcheri Keshavan, Diana O Perkins, William S Stone, Ming Tsuang, Elaine F Walker, Scott W Woods, Daniel H Mathalon, Barbara A Cornblatt\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.06.033\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Social functioning difficulties in adolescents and young-adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) are among the strongest risk factors for psychosis onset. Recent research in patients with schizophrenia has demonstrated complex relationships between early auditory processing deficits as measured by the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) response of the auditory event-related potential (ERP), neurocognition, social cognition, negative symptoms, and social functioning. However, the interrelationships of these variables and associations with social functioning impairments prior to the onset of the illness are unclear. The present study used a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to integrate these factors to determine the specific determinants that lead to poor social functioning in CHR-P youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>518 CHR-P individuals from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2) were used to evaluate SEMs with pathways starting from MMN to social functioning. The intervening variables included processing speed, social cognition, and negative symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A final trimmed model revealed that early auditory processing (MMN) had a direct effect on processing speed, and both processing speed and negative symptoms had direct effects on social functioning. The direct effect from social cognition to social functioning was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that neurophysiological deficits are associated with social functioning by way of processing speed impairments, which fully accounted for the relationship, in CHR-P youth prior to psychosis onset. 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Exploring the pathways between early auditory processing, processing speed, social cognition, and negative symptoms on social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: A structural equation modeling approach.
Introduction: Social functioning difficulties in adolescents and young-adults at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) are among the strongest risk factors for psychosis onset. Recent research in patients with schizophrenia has demonstrated complex relationships between early auditory processing deficits as measured by the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) response of the auditory event-related potential (ERP), neurocognition, social cognition, negative symptoms, and social functioning. However, the interrelationships of these variables and associations with social functioning impairments prior to the onset of the illness are unclear. The present study used a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to integrate these factors to determine the specific determinants that lead to poor social functioning in CHR-P youth.
Methods: 518 CHR-P individuals from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2) were used to evaluate SEMs with pathways starting from MMN to social functioning. The intervening variables included processing speed, social cognition, and negative symptoms.
Results: A final trimmed model revealed that early auditory processing (MMN) had a direct effect on processing speed, and both processing speed and negative symptoms had direct effects on social functioning. The direct effect from social cognition to social functioning was not significant.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that neurophysiological deficits are associated with social functioning by way of processing speed impairments, which fully accounted for the relationship, in CHR-P youth prior to psychosis onset. These results may have implications for early intervention strategies that target early information processing deficits with the aim of improving social trajectories and limiting psychosis onset in young CHR-P individuals.
期刊介绍：
Biological Psychiatry is an official journal of the Society of Biological Psychiatry and was established in 1969. It is the first journal in the Biological Psychiatry family, which also includes Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging and Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science. The Society's main goal is to promote excellence in scientific research and education in the fields related to the nature, causes, mechanisms, and treatments of disorders pertaining to thought, emotion, and behavior. To fulfill this mission, Biological Psychiatry publishes peer-reviewed, rapid-publication articles that present new findings from original basic, translational, and clinical mechanistic research, ultimately advancing our understanding of psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The journal also encourages the submission of reviews and commentaries on current research and topics of interest.
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