Tariffs and food security in the US–Mexico agricultural corridor

Mexico is a global leader in fresh produce exports, supplying nearly 90% of US avocado imports and a large share of tomatoes, berries and peppers^1,2. Even without enforcement, tariff threats have driven price volatility, contract renegotiations and logistical disruptions³. The situation highlights the fragility of North America’s tightly integrated food system and the risks of using trade policy as a political instrument.

Trade decisions of this magnitude are not merely economic; they are levers with direct consequences for public health and environmental resilience⁴. US consumers, especially lower-income groups, could face reduced access to affordable, nutritious food during off-seasons when domestic production is limited⁵. Studies show that such disruptions tend to increase prices and worsen inequality in food access^1,2.