尿素在水滴中由二氧化碳和氨自发形成

IF 44.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI:10.1126/science.adv2362

Mercede Azizbaig Mohajer, Pallab Basuri, Andrei Evdokimov, Grégory David, Daniel Zindel, Evangelos Miliordos, Ruth Signorell

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引用次数: 0

摘要

尿素是寻找生命起源的关键分子，也是工业大量生产的基本化学物质。氨和二氧化碳的形成需要高压和高温，或者在较温和的条件下，需要催化剂或额外的试剂。在这项研究中，我们观察了在环境条件下，氨和二氧化碳在水滴的表层自发形成尿素。用拉曼带作为标记探测单个光学捕获液滴。我们发现表层就像一个微观流动反应器，化学梯度提供了非常规反应途径。这一观察揭示了独特液滴化学的一般机制方案。界面化学是益生元条件下尿素生成的一种可能的非能量途径。

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Spontaneous formation of urea from carbon dioxide and ammonia in aqueous droplets

Urea is a key molecule in the search for the origin of life and a basic chemical produced in large quantities by industry. Its formation from ammonia and carbon dioxide requires either high pressures and temperatures or, under milder conditions, catalysts or additional reagents. In this study, we observed the spontaneous formation of urea under ambient conditions from ammonia and carbon dioxide in the surface layer of aqueous droplets. Single, optically trapped droplets were probed by using Raman bands as markers. We found the surface layer to act like a microscopic flow reactor, with chemical gradients providing access to unconventional reaction pathways. This observation revealed a general mechanistic scheme for distinctive droplet chemistry. Interfacial chemistry is a possible nonenergetic route for urea formation under prebiotic conditions.

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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