{"title":"高吞吐量DLP和基于混合基数的维特比解码器架构","authors":"Mohamed Asan Basiri M.","doi":"10.1016/j.micpro.2025.105181","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viterbi decoders play an important role in digital communication. This manuscript proposes two high throughput VLSI architectures of Viterbi decoder. In the first proposed architecture, the data level parallelism (DLP) based Viterbi decoder of rate <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span> can be used to perform 1, 2, 4, 8, …parallel decodings of rates <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, …respectively. The second proposed mixed radix Viterbi decoder architecture is to perform four numbers of radix-<span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> decodings in parallel using one radix-<span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> Viterbi decoder, where <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>. All the conventional and proposed Viterbi decoders are implemented in 45 nm CMOS technology using Cadence. The synthesis results show that the proposed designs achieve high throughput as compared with the conventional designs. According to the synthesis results, the proposed mixed radix-2&4 decoder achieves 73.9% of improvement in maximum throughput as compared with the conventional radix-4 design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49815,"journal":{"name":"Microprocessors and Microsystems","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 105181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"High throughput DLP and mixed radix based architectures of Viterbi decoder\",\"authors\":\"Mohamed Asan Basiri M.\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.micpro.2025.105181\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Viterbi decoders play an important role in digital communication. This manuscript proposes two high throughput VLSI architectures of Viterbi decoder. In the first proposed architecture, the data level parallelism (DLP) based Viterbi decoder of rate <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span> can be used to perform 1, 2, 4, 8, …parallel decodings of rates <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, …respectively. The second proposed mixed radix Viterbi decoder architecture is to perform four numbers of radix-<span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> decodings in parallel using one radix-<span><math><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> Viterbi decoder, where <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>. All the conventional and proposed Viterbi decoders are implemented in 45 nm CMOS technology using Cadence. The synthesis results show that the proposed designs achieve high throughput as compared with the conventional designs. According to the synthesis results, the proposed mixed radix-2&4 decoder achieves 73.9% of improvement in maximum throughput as compared with the conventional radix-4 design.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49815,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Microprocessors and Microsystems\",\"volume\":\"117 \",\"pages\":\"Article 105181\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-23\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Microprocessors and Microsystems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141933125000493\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microprocessors and Microsystems","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141933125000493","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE","Score":null,"Total":0}
High throughput DLP and mixed radix based architectures of Viterbi decoder
Viterbi decoders play an important role in digital communication. This manuscript proposes two high throughput VLSI architectures of Viterbi decoder. In the first proposed architecture, the data level parallelism (DLP) based Viterbi decoder of rate can be used to perform 1, 2, 4, 8, …parallel decodings of rates , , , , …respectively. The second proposed mixed radix Viterbi decoder architecture is to perform four numbers of radix- decodings in parallel using one radix- Viterbi decoder, where . All the conventional and proposed Viterbi decoders are implemented in 45 nm CMOS technology using Cadence. The synthesis results show that the proposed designs achieve high throughput as compared with the conventional designs. According to the synthesis results, the proposed mixed radix-2&4 decoder achieves 73.9% of improvement in maximum throughput as compared with the conventional radix-4 design.
期刊介绍:
Microprocessors and Microsystems: Embedded Hardware Design (MICPRO) is a journal covering all design and architectural aspects related to embedded systems hardware. This includes different embedded system hardware platforms ranging from custom hardware via reconfigurable systems and application specific processors to general purpose embedded processors. Special emphasis is put on novel complex embedded architectures, such as systems on chip (SoC), systems on a programmable/reconfigurable chip (SoPC) and multi-processor systems on a chip (MPSoC), as well as, their memory and communication methods and structures, such as network-on-chip (NoC).
Design automation of such systems including methodologies, techniques, flows and tools for their design, as well as, novel designs of hardware components fall within the scope of this journal. Novel cyber-physical applications that use embedded systems are also central in this journal. While software is not in the main focus of this journal, methods of hardware/software co-design, as well as, application restructuring and mapping to embedded hardware platforms, that consider interplay between software and hardware components with emphasis on hardware, are also in the journal scope.