{"title":"慢性应激暴露和评估与晚年残疾的差异。","authors":"Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igaf024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Influenced by the stress process theory, this study investigated the relationship between chronic stress (measured by exposure and appraisal) and the onset of a disability in later life among White, Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and foreign-born Hispanic adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study, I used Weibull accelerated failure time models to examine racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in chronic stress exposure and appraisal and age of onset of disability during the following 8-10 years (i.e., incidence).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over time, earlier onset of disability was associated with higher levels of stress exposure (β = -0.04) and negative appraisals (β = -0.07). Appraising stress as more upsetting had a detrimental influence on later-life disability for Black adults (occurring 11% earlier), but a protective effect for foreign-born Hispanic adults (occurring 20% later) compared with White adults.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Overall, findings suggest it is important to acknowledge not just the exposure to chronic stressors, but how upsetting these chronic stressors make one feel to reduce racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"9 5","pages":"igaf024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123066/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Disparities in Chronic Stress Exposure and Appraisal and Later-Life Disability.\",\"authors\":\"Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/geroni/igaf024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Influenced by the stress process theory, this study investigated the relationship between chronic stress (measured by exposure and appraisal) and the onset of a disability in later life among White, Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and foreign-born Hispanic adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study, I used Weibull accelerated failure time models to examine racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in chronic stress exposure and appraisal and age of onset of disability during the following 8-10 years (i.e., incidence).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over time, earlier onset of disability was associated with higher levels of stress exposure (β = -0.04) and negative appraisals (β = -0.07). Appraising stress as more upsetting had a detrimental influence on later-life disability for Black adults (occurring 11% earlier), but a protective effect for foreign-born Hispanic adults (occurring 20% later) compared with White adults.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Overall, findings suggest it is important to acknowledge not just the exposure to chronic stressors, but how upsetting these chronic stressors make one feel to reduce racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in disability.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13596,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Innovation in Aging\",\"volume\":\"9 5\",\"pages\":\"igaf024\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-04-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123066/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Innovation in Aging\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf024\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Innovation in Aging","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf024","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Disparities in Chronic Stress Exposure and Appraisal and Later-Life Disability.
Background and objectives: Influenced by the stress process theory, this study investigated the relationship between chronic stress (measured by exposure and appraisal) and the onset of a disability in later life among White, Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and foreign-born Hispanic adults.
Research design and methods: Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study, I used Weibull accelerated failure time models to examine racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in chronic stress exposure and appraisal and age of onset of disability during the following 8-10 years (i.e., incidence).
Results: Over time, earlier onset of disability was associated with higher levels of stress exposure (β = -0.04) and negative appraisals (β = -0.07). Appraising stress as more upsetting had a detrimental influence on later-life disability for Black adults (occurring 11% earlier), but a protective effect for foreign-born Hispanic adults (occurring 20% later) compared with White adults.
Discussion and implications: Overall, findings suggest it is important to acknowledge not just the exposure to chronic stressors, but how upsetting these chronic stressors make one feel to reduce racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in disability.
期刊介绍：
Innovation in Aging, an interdisciplinary Open Access journal of the Gerontological Society of America (GSA), is dedicated to publishing innovative, conceptually robust, and methodologically rigorous research focused on aging and the life course. The journal aims to present studies with the potential to significantly enhance the health, functionality, and overall well-being of older adults by translating scientific insights into practical applications. Research published in the journal spans a variety of settings, including community, clinical, and laboratory contexts, with a clear emphasis on issues that are directly pertinent to aging and the dynamics of life over time. The content of the journal mirrors the diverse research interests of GSA members and encompasses a range of study types. These include the validation of new conceptual or theoretical models, assessments of factors impacting the health and well-being of older adults, evaluations of interventions and policies, the implementation of groundbreaking research methodologies, interdisciplinary research that adapts concepts and methods from other fields to aging studies, and the use of modeling and simulations to understand factors and processes influencing aging outcomes. The journal welcomes contributions from scholars across various disciplines, such as technology, engineering, architecture, economics, business, law, political science, public policy, education, public health, social and psychological sciences, biomedical and health sciences, and the humanities and arts, reflecting a holistic approach to advancing knowledge in gerontology.
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