New insights into the connection between food and mood: Unlock the science-backed benefits of dietary bioactive components toward emotional wellbeing

Background

The connection between diet and mental health has attracted growing scientific interest due to the increasing prevalence of mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction. This review critically examines how dietary components influence mood through mechanisms like the gut-brain axis, neurotransmitter modulation, and neuroinflammation.

Scope

This narrative review includes an in-depth analysis of key nutrients and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and amino acids. These compounds have been shown to impact neurotransmitter synthesis, reduce inflammation, and support brain function. We explore how dietary patterns, particularly the Mediterranean diet, positively affect mental well-being and discuss the emerging field of psychobiotics and microbiome-based therapies.

Key findings

The diets rich in fiber, polyphenols, and healthy fats such as monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats are associated with improved mood, reduced symptoms of depression, and better cognitive performance. Functional foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties have demonstrated potential as complementary interventions for mood regulation. However, variability in individual responses, the complexity of gut microbiota interactions, and the long-term sustainability of dietary interventions present ongoing challenges.

Conclusion

This review concludes that dietary components such as polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and essential micronutrients play a critical role in modulating mood through mechanisms including neurotransmitter regulation, gut-brain axis signaling, and inflammation control. Incorporating these findings into public health strategies and food innovation may offer effective, accessible avenues for supporting emotional well-being and managing mood disorders.