孤独感对ADHD青少年食欲激素失调和认知功能障碍的影响

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105046

Li-Chi Chen , Ju-Wei Hsu , Ya-Mei Bai , Shih-Jen Tsai , Mu-Hong Chen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：青少年ADHD患者中孤独感的患病率很高。多动症与认知功能缺陷和食欲激素失调有关。然而，ADHD、孤独感、认知功能和食欲激素之间的复杂关系尚不清楚。方法我们招募了51名患有ADHD的青少年和51名年龄和性别匹配的神经典型发育（NTD）青少年。我们完成了食欲激素测量（如胰岛素、瘦素和胃饥饿素）和认知功能评估。根据UCLA孤独感量表的总分，将孤独感分为低（≤40）和中/高（>40）两个等级。结果：与NTD青少年相比，ADHD青少年表现出更大的食欲激素失调，尤其是瘦素水平升高，与孤独程度无关。adhd -中度/高度孤独组青少年执行功能最差（p = .018）。结论我们的研究首次阐明了孤独感在ADHD相关的认知功能障碍和食欲激素失调中的潜在作用。ADHD和孤独感的共同条件与执行功能的严重损害有关。与孤独感相比，瘦素水平的升高对多动症的影响更大。需要进一步的纵向随访研究来阐明ADHD患者执行功能障碍、食欲激素失调和孤独感之间的时间关联。针对孤独感的治疗方案可能适用于患有多动症的青少年，尤其是那些表现出更大的执行功能障碍的青少年。

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Effect of loneliness on appetite hormone dysregulation and cognitive dysfunction among adolescents with ADHD

Background

The prevalence of loneliness is high among adolescents with ADHD. ADHD is associated with deficits in cognitive function and appetite hormone dysregulation. However, the complex association between ADHD, loneliness, cognitive function and appetite hormones remains unknown.

Methods

We enrolled 51 adolescents with ADHD and 51 age- and sex-matched neurotypically developing (NTD) adolescents. We completed appetite hormone measurements (e.g., insulin, leptin, and ghrelin) and cognitive function assessments. Loneliness was classified into low (≤ 40) and moderate/high (>40) levels on the basis of total scores on the UCLA Loneliness Scale.

Results

Adolescents with ADHD exhibited greater appetite hormone dysregulation, especially increased leptin levels, than the NTD adolescents did, regardless of loneliness level. The adolescents in the ADHD–moderate/high loneliness group had the poorest executive function (p = .018).

Conclusion

Our study was the first to clarify the potential role of loneliness in the cognitive dysfunction and appetite hormone dysregulation associated with ADHD. The co-condition of ADHD and loneliness was related to greater impairment in executive function. Increased levels of leptin were more specific to ADHD than loneliness. Further longitudinal follow-up studies are required to clarify the temporal associations between executive dysfunction, appetite hormone dysregulation, and loneliness among patients with ADHD. The treatment program targeted at loneliness may be developed for adolescents with ADHD, especially those who exhibited greater executive dysfunction.

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来源期刊

Research in Developmental Disabilities Multiple-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

178

期刊介绍： Research In Developmental Disabilities is aimed at publishing original research of an interdisciplinary nature that has a direct bearing on the remediation of problems associated with developmental disabilities. Manuscripts will be solicited throughout the world. Articles will be primarily empirical studies, although an occasional position paper or review will be accepted. The aim of the journal will be to publish articles on all aspects of research with the developmentally disabled, with any methodologically sound approach being acceptable.