壳聚糖纳米颗粒包封菠菜籽精油的表征、生化防御机制及抗真菌活性研究

IF 4.8 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102016

Hajar Soleimani , Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa , Mustafa Ghanadian

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引用次数: 0

摘要

当代植物保护正逐步转向非化学方法。本研究制备了负载壳聚糖纳米颗粒（SSEO- lcnps）的菠菜籽精油（SSEO）作为递送系统，鉴定了SSEO的成分，并评价了其对黄瓜白粉病病原菌fusca Podosphaera的抑菌效果。利用Zeta电位、场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）和动态光散射（DLS）表征负载sseo的壳聚糖纳米颗粒的结构、物理和化学特性。气相色谱-质谱分析表明，SSEO的主要成分为芳香腺烯、l -柠檬烯和反式茴香醚。SSEO-LCNPs的形貌为球形，平均直径为116.2 nm，表面带负电荷，平均zeta电位为- 27.7 mV。壳聚糖与sseo质量比为1:1时，精油的包封效率和负载能力最高。Korsmeyer-Peppas模型有效表征了SSEO在纳米颗粒中的释放行为。叶面施用400 μg mL−1 SSEO-LCNPs显著降低了温室栽培黄瓜白粉病的严重程度。与未处理的对照组相比，SSEO-LCNP处理显著提高了酚类和类黄酮水平；黄瓜叶片中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶的活性，与接种fusca菌无关。本研究表明，SSEO-LCNP在fusca侵染黄瓜幼苗中诱导的防御机制反应具有显著的正相关。SSEO-LCNPs具有抗真菌和诱导植物防御的双重特性，这为开发下一代植物防治剂提供了潜力，旨在促进黄瓜白粉病的可持续农业管理策略。

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Characterization, biochemical defense mechanisms, and antifungal activities of chitosan nanoparticle-encapsulated spinach seed essential oil

Contemporary plant protection is progressively turning to non-chemical approaches. This study involved preparing spinach seed essential oil (SSEO)-loaded in chitosan nanoparticles (SSEO-LCNPs) as a delivery system, identifying the SSEO components, and evaluating their antifungal efficacy against Podosphaera fusca, the causative agent of powdery mildew in cucumber. Zeta potential, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) assessments were used to characterize the structural, physical, and chemical characteristics of the SSEO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of SSEO revealed the presence of aromadendrene, L-limonene, and trans-anethole as the predominant components. Characterization of the SSEO-LCNPs revealed a spherical morphology, an average diameter of 116.2 nm, and a surface that is negatively charged, with an average zeta potential of −27.7 mV. The highest encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the essential oil were achieved with a 1:1 chitosan-to-SSEO weight ratio. The behavior of SSEO release from nanoparticles was effectively characterized by the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Foliar application of 400 μg mL⁻¹ SSEO-LCNPs significantly reduced the severity of powdery mildew in cucumber in greenhouse-grown seedlings. Compared to untreated controls, SSEO-LCNP treatment significantly increased phenolic and flavonoid levels; and peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities in cucumber leaves, regardless of P. fusca inoculation. Our study illustrated a significant positive correlation between defense mechanism responses induced by SSEO-LCNP in P. fusca-infected cucumber seedlings. The combined antifungal and plant defense-inducing properties of SSEO-LCNPs in combating the pathogen highlight their potential for developing the next generation of plant control agents aimed at promoting sustainable agricultural strategies to manage cucumber powdery mildew.

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