A novel approach for reconstruction of anterior cheek defects: Series connection of cheek mucosal flap and buccal fat pad

Background

The buccal mucosa is a frequent site of precancerous lesions, and surgical excision often leaves a mucosal defect. owing to the inherent limited length of the buccal fat pad, its efficacy in covering mucosal defects is confined. In cases where the defect is anterior in the cheek, reliance solely on buccal fat pad is insufficient for complete coverage of the affected area. The currently used reconstructive approach for cheek mucosal defects, biological membrane coverage, is associated with a risk of severe mouth opening restriction due to scar contracture, adversely affecting the patient's quality of life. This study introduces a novel technique combining a cheek mucosal flap with the buccal fat pad to address anterior cheek defects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a combined cheek mucosal flap and buccal fat pad technique for reconstructing anterior cheek mucosal defects.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of five patients who underwent this surgical procedure at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University was conducted. The technique involved creating a cheek mucosal flap and advancing the buccal fat pad to cover the defect. Postoperative outcomes, including mouth opening and scar formation, were assessed.

Results

All patients achieved satisfactory healing with mouth openings exceeding 3.0 cm. No significant complications were observed, and the surgical sites were fully mucosalized within three months.

Conclusion

The combined cheek mucosal flap and buccal fat pad technique is a viable solution for reconstructing anterior cheek defects, offering improved functional and aesthetic outcomes with minimal complications. This surgical methodology boasts considerable practicality and potential for widespread dissemination.