Low Circulating Levels of Omentin-1 and Irisin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.

Background/aims: The study analyzed the roles of circulating omentin-1 and irisin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) concomitant with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 80 patients with T2DM but no MAFLD, 62 patients with MAFLD but no T2DM, 50 T2DM patients having MAFLD (T2DM/MAFLD), and 80 healthy individuals.

Results: The serum levels of omentin-1 and irisin were both significantly reduced in patients with T2DM coexisting with MAFLD compared to T2DM or MAFLD patients alone. In T2DM patients, the level of omentin-1 decreased as the level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) increased and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reduced; the level of irisin decreased as the levels of FPG and fasting insulin (FINS) increased. In MAFLD patients, a lower level of omentin-1 was correlated with a lower level of HDL-C but with a greater waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels; a lower level of irisin was correlated with higher WHR and FINS level. In patients with T2DM coexisting with MAFLD, those with a lower level of omentin-1 were found to have a lower level of HDL-C concurrent with lower WHR and triglyceride level; and those with a lower level of irisin showed lower WHR, FPG and FINS levels. Combined evaluation of omentin-1 and irisin for diagnosing T2DM coexisting with MAFLD yielded an area under the curve of 0.943.

Conclusion: These findings suggest the assessment potential of omentin-1 and irisin for T2DM coexisting with MAFLD.