{"title":"使用交错练习促进拼写习得","authors":"Marina Klimovich, Tobias Richter","doi":"10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102146","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interleaving exemplars from different categories tends to improve category learning compared to blocking the same exemplars. However, the effectiveness of interleaving is uncertain when verbal materials are employed for learning. Moreover, research on interleaving in real educational settings and in the context of spelling instruction is scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>We report the results of a preregistered classroom experiment (<span><span>https://aspredicted.org/BZH_BTC</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) that examined the benefits of interleaving for learning spelling rules.</div></div><div><h3>Sample</h3><div>The study involved 108 German third graders.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Children received two training sessions in which they practiced words associated with specific spelling rules (i.e., capitalization, single and multiple consonants, or words with “i” and “ie”), with one session following a blocked and the other an interleaved format. Learning outcomes were measured shortly after the training and after 8 weeks to gauge effects of interleaving on lasting learning.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children showed fewer spelling errors when they practiced exemplars in an interleaved than a blocked sequence for words trained in the sessions. This interleaving benefit persisted after an 8-week follow-up for the trained and new words for children with average to high prior knowledge of word spellings. Children made more spelling errors during the interleaved compared to the blocked practice phase, perceived interleaved practice as more difficult, and rated their learning process as less successful compared to blocked practice, supporting the assumption that interleaved practice is a desirable difficulty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Interleaved practice is a promising approach to boost the acquisition of spelling rules, particularly among children with better prior knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48357,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Instruction","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Using interleaved practice to foster spelling acquisition\",\"authors\":\"Marina Klimovich, Tobias Richter\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102146\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Interleaving exemplars from different categories tends to improve category learning compared to blocking the same exemplars. However, the effectiveness of interleaving is uncertain when verbal materials are employed for learning. Moreover, research on interleaving in real educational settings and in the context of spelling instruction is scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>We report the results of a preregistered classroom experiment (<span><span>https://aspredicted.org/BZH_BTC</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) that examined the benefits of interleaving for learning spelling rules.</div></div><div><h3>Sample</h3><div>The study involved 108 German third graders.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Children received two training sessions in which they practiced words associated with specific spelling rules (i.e., capitalization, single and multiple consonants, or words with “i” and “ie”), with one session following a blocked and the other an interleaved format. Learning outcomes were measured shortly after the training and after 8 weeks to gauge effects of interleaving on lasting learning.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children showed fewer spelling errors when they practiced exemplars in an interleaved than a blocked sequence for words trained in the sessions. This interleaving benefit persisted after an 8-week follow-up for the trained and new words for children with average to high prior knowledge of word spellings. Children made more spelling errors during the interleaved compared to the blocked practice phase, perceived interleaved practice as more difficult, and rated their learning process as less successful compared to blocked practice, supporting the assumption that interleaved practice is a desirable difficulty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Interleaved practice is a promising approach to boost the acquisition of spelling rules, particularly among children with better prior knowledge.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48357,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Learning and Instruction\",\"volume\":\"98 \",\"pages\":\"Article 102146\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Learning and Instruction\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"95\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959475225000702\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"教育学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Learning and Instruction","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959475225000702","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
Using interleaved practice to foster spelling acquisition
Background
Interleaving exemplars from different categories tends to improve category learning compared to blocking the same exemplars. However, the effectiveness of interleaving is uncertain when verbal materials are employed for learning. Moreover, research on interleaving in real educational settings and in the context of spelling instruction is scarce.
Aims
We report the results of a preregistered classroom experiment (https://aspredicted.org/BZH_BTC) that examined the benefits of interleaving for learning spelling rules.
Sample
The study involved 108 German third graders.
Method
Children received two training sessions in which they practiced words associated with specific spelling rules (i.e., capitalization, single and multiple consonants, or words with “i” and “ie”), with one session following a blocked and the other an interleaved format. Learning outcomes were measured shortly after the training and after 8 weeks to gauge effects of interleaving on lasting learning.
Results
Children showed fewer spelling errors when they practiced exemplars in an interleaved than a blocked sequence for words trained in the sessions. This interleaving benefit persisted after an 8-week follow-up for the trained and new words for children with average to high prior knowledge of word spellings. Children made more spelling errors during the interleaved compared to the blocked practice phase, perceived interleaved practice as more difficult, and rated their learning process as less successful compared to blocked practice, supporting the assumption that interleaved practice is a desirable difficulty.
Conclusions
Interleaved practice is a promising approach to boost the acquisition of spelling rules, particularly among children with better prior knowledge.
期刊介绍:
As an international, multi-disciplinary, peer-refereed journal, Learning and Instruction provides a platform for the publication of the most advanced scientific research in the areas of learning, development, instruction and teaching. The journal welcomes original empirical investigations. The papers may represent a variety of theoretical perspectives and different methodological approaches. They may refer to any age level, from infants to adults and to a diversity of learning and instructional settings, from laboratory experiments to field studies. The major criteria in the review and the selection process concern the significance of the contribution to the area of learning and instruction, and the rigor of the study.