荟萃分析的冗余景观：评估老年人认知障碍的运动干预

IF 12.5 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2025.102754

Julie D. Ries , Claudia De Santis , Mahederemariam Bayleyegn Dagne , Kaoutar Ouabicha , Pallavi Sood , Patricia C. Heyn

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：锻炼对认知障碍老年人认知能力的益处已经得到了充分的研究。最近合成研究的激增可能是对科学的积极贡献；然而，研究中的冗余可能是浪费的，不利于对证据得出自信的结论。本研究旨在分析：1)关于该主题的荟萃分析（MAs）和随机对照试验（rct）的频率和增长模式；2)纳入MAs的RCT研究的冗余率。方法：本研究是一项实时系统综述，遵循标准的综合方法（普洛斯佩罗注册，为多个数据库开发的图书馆员辅助搜索算法，根据2025年的最新搜索定期更新搜索）。频率计数决定了随机对照试验的数量以及它们在ma中被纳入的次数。结果共鉴定了40个MAs，纳入了728项RCT研究。在回顾了重复的RCT后，276项（37.9%）独特的RCT研究构成了本证据体。其中，153项rct仅被一个MA引用，123项rct被2 ~ 19个MA引用。因此，在40个MA中使用的所有rct中，有452个（62.1%）是冗余的（即在多个MA中表示）。本研究发现，MAs评估运动对认知障碍老年人认知影响的随机对照试验存在大量冗余。重复是研究中的常见做法，但在多个MAs中依赖相同的随机对照试验会产生稳健性的错觉，而实际上，证据的强度和多样性可能更为有限。研究冗余是一种浪费，实际上可能会阻碍这门科学的发展。

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The redundant landscape of meta-analyses: Evaluating exercise interventions for older adults with cognitive impairment

Background

Exercise to benefit cognition in older adults with cognitive impairment is well-studied. A recent proliferation of synthesis studies might be a positive contribution to the science; however, redundancy in research can be wasteful and detrimental to drawing confident conclusions about the evidence. This synthesis-based method study was designed to analyze: 1) the frequency and growth patterns of meta-analyses (MAs) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic; and 2) the redundancy rate of the RCT studies included in MAs.

Methods

This study was borne of a living systematic review, following standard synthesis methodology (PROSPERO registration, librarian-assisted search algorithms developed for multiple databases, searches updated regularly with most recent search in 2025). Frequency counts determined the number of RCTs and how many times they were included across the MAs.

Results

Forty MAs were identified and included in the synthesis representing a total of 728 RCT studies. After reviewing RCT duplicates, 276 (37.9%) unique RCT studies comprised this body of evidence. Among these, 153 RCTs were cited in only one MA and 123 were cited in 2-19 different MAs. Thus, 452 (62.1%) of all RCTs used across the 40 MAs were redundant (i.e., represented in more than one MA).

Conclusions

This study found substantial redundancy in the RCTs used in MAs evaluating the cognitive impact of exercise for older adults with cognitive impairment. Replication is common practice in research but reliance on the same RCTs in multiple MAs creates an illusion of robustness when, in fact, the strength and diversity of the evidence may be more limited. Research redundancy is wasteful and may actually stagnate advancement of this science.

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.