Intelligent Extra Resource Allocation for Cooperative Awareness Message Broadcasting in Cellular-V2X Networks

According to recent advances in cellular vehicle-to-everything (cellular-V2X) communication networks, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) networks can be performed without infrastructure support. The corresponding wireless standard has been actively studied by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) and has been proposed to realize V2V communications via sidelink interfaces. This standard specifically introduces cellular-V2X Mode 4, where individual vehicles access wireless resources in a distributed manner by using sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) for avoiding collisions in cooperative awareness messages (CAMs). However, the legacy SPS scheme is able to be challenged by resource scheduling collisions, which obviously degrade performance. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes intelligent adaptive and additive extra resource allocation strategy that responds in real time to estimate traffic density fluctuations, aiming to decrease resource collisions as well as improve utilization performance. Moreover, our additional intelligent solution, which is fundamentally inspired by Lyapunov optimization-based drift-plus-penalty framework, dynamically controls the number of resources to minimize transmission outage probability subject to resource constraints. The corresponding data-intensive performance analysis results verify that the proposed algorithm is able to improve performance compared to the other benchmarks.