热身期间的认知启动提高运动和运动表现:一个金发姑娘效应。

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES
Jesús Díaz-García, Ana Rubio-Morales, David Manzano-Rodríguez, Tomás García-Calvo, Christopher Ring
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:精神疲劳会损害运动、锻炼和认知能力。热身活动可以提高个人休息时的表现。然而,它们在个人疲劳时的有效性尚未确定。研究目的是评估运动员(研究1)和老年人(研究2)在休息和睡眠限制导致的疲劳状态下,身体和综合身体加认知热身活动对随后的运动、锻炼和认知表现的影响。方法:在研究1中,31名运动员在休息和睡眠剥夺导致的疲劳状态下,在身体和综合热身后完成了一个运动表现测试和Stroop任务。在研究2中,32名老年人在没有热身、身体热身和休息和睡眠剥夺导致疲劳时进行联合热身后,完成了坐立、旋臂、步行、Stroop和精神运动警觉性测试。在这两项研究中,联合热身在身体热身活动之间混合了短期、中期或长期的认知任务。精神疲劳用视觉模拟量表评定。结果:在这两项研究中,睡眠不足会增加精神疲劳和表现受损。在研究1中,相对于物理热身,在休息和疲劳时,组合热身(与短至中等认知任务)可以提高模型和Stroop的表现。在研究2中,相对于没有热身,在休息和疲劳时,通过物理和联合热身(包括中短期认知任务),坐立、旋臂、步行、Stroop和反应时间的表现得到改善。结论:睡眠剥夺对运动、锻炼和认知表现的负面影响最好通过将热身与中短期认知任务相结合来缓解。联合热身是对抗精神疲劳对运动表现的有害影响的有效对策。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cognitive Priming During Warmup Enhances Sport and Exercise Performance: A Goldilocks Effect.

Background: Mental fatigue can impair sport, exercise and cognitive performance. Warmup activities can improve performance when the individual is rested. However, their effectiveness when the individual is fatigued has yet to be established. The research objectives were to evaluate the effects of physical and combined physical plus cognitive warmup activities on subsequent sport, exercise, and cognitive performance when rested and fatigued by sleep restriction in athletes (Study 1) and older adults (Study 2). Methods: In Study 1, 31 padel players completed a padel performance test and Stroop task after physical and combined warmups when rested and fatigued by sleep deprivation. In Study 2, 32 older adults completed sit-stand, arm curl, walking, Stroop, and psychomotor vigilance tests after no warmup, physical warmup, and combined warmup when rested and fatigued by sleep deprivation. In both studies, combined warmups intermixed short-, medium-, or long-duration cognitive tasks between physical warmup activities. Mental fatigue was measured using visual analog scale ratings. Results: In both studies, sleep deprivation increased mental fatigue and impaired performance. In Study 1, relative to a physical warmup, padel and Stroop performance were improved by combined warmups (with short-to-medium cognitive tasks) when rested and fatigued. In Study 2, relative to no warmup, sit-stand, arm curl, walking, Stroop, and reaction time performance were improved by physical and combined warmups (with short-to-medium cognitive tasks) when rested and fatigued. Conclusions: The negative effects of sleep deprivation on sport, exercise, and cognitive performance were best mitigated by combined warmups with short-to-medium cognitive tasks. Combined warmups are effective countermeasures against the deleterious effects of mental fatigue on performance.

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来源期刊
Brain Sciences
Brain Sciences Neuroscience-General Neuroscience
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
9.10%
发文量
1472
审稿时长
18.71 days
期刊介绍: Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes and short communications in the areas of cognitive neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, molecular and cellular neuroscience, neural engineering, neuroimaging, neurolinguistics, neuropathy, systems neuroscience, and theoretical and computational neuroscience. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material.
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