神经系统疾病中的胶质细胞极化：分子机制和治疗机会。

IF 12.5 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2024.102638

Yuqing Liu , Lei Wu , Weijun Peng , Xiaoyuan Mao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

神经胶质细胞极化在各种神经系统疾病中起着关键作用。在不同的刺激下，神经胶质细胞发生极化以减轻神经毒性或促进损伤后的神经修复，这强调了神经胶质表型极化在调节中枢神经系统功能中的重要性。本文综述了胶质细胞极化的概况，重点介绍了星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞。它探讨了神经胶质极化在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、中风、癫痫、创伤性脑损伤、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症和脑膜脑炎等神经系统疾病中的作用。具体来说，它强调了神经胶质细胞极化在疾病发病机制中的作用，包括神经炎症、神经退行性变、钙信号失调、突触功能障碍和免疫反应。此外，它总结了各种治疗策略，包括药物治疗，膳食补充剂和细胞为基础的治疗，旨在调节神经胶质细胞的极化，以改善脑功能障碍。未来的研究重点是神经胶质极化的时空操纵，有望推进神经系统疾病的精确诊断和治疗。

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Glial polarization in neurological diseases: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

Glial cell polarization plays a pivotal role in various neurological disorders. In response to distinct stimuli, glial cells undergo polarization to either mitigate neurotoxicity or facilitate neural repair following injury, underscoring the importance of glial phenotypic polarization in modulating central nervous system function. This review presents an overview of glial cell polarization, focusing on astrocytes and microglia. It explores the involvement of glial polarization in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and meningoencephalitis. Specifically, it emphasizes the role of glial cell polarization in disease pathogenesis through mechanisms including neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, calcium signaling dysregulation, synaptic dysfunction and immune response. Additionally, it summarizes various therapeutic strategies including pharmacological treatments, dietary supplements and cell-based therapies, aimed at modulating glial cell polarization to ameliorate brain dysfunction. Future research focused on the spatio-temporal manipulation of glial polarization holds promise for advancing precision diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.