Effects of different interlayer bonding modes on the microstructure and properties of laser cladded In625

In this study, the effects of five different interlayer bonding modes on the microstructure, mechanical properties, friction, and wear resistance of In625 laser cladding were investigated. XRD, EDS, tensile, hardness, friction and wear tests were conducted. XRD analysis results have revealed that Nb₆C₅ was detected in rectangular ring mode and the long, wide and rectangular ring overlay mode, indicating that the rectangular ring mode may promote the formation of secondary phase. EDS analysis has indicated a slightly higher Nb content in the rectangular ring mode, while the long and wide direction overlay mode exhibited a more uniform grain distribution and smaller grain size. Tensile tests revealed ductile fractures in the long direction, wide direction, the long and wide direction overlay modes, while the rectangle ring mode and the long, wide, and rectangular ring overlay modes showed brittle fractures. The long and wide direction overlay mode had the highest average elongation (35.46 %), and the long, wide, and rectangular ring overlay mode had the highest tensile strength (957.13 MPa). Hardness test results showed that the rectangle ring mode had the highest hardness (325.1 HV (0.2)). Friction and wear tests indicated that the long and wide direction overlay mode exhibited the smallest wear volume (0.08899 mm³) and the best overall friction performance. These findings indicate that the properties of the cladding layer can be effectively tailored by selecting appropriate interlayer bonding modes to match the specific material requirements in distinct application scenarios.