Water-soluble chlorogenic acid-chitosan and polydatin-chitosan conjugates: antibacterial activity and inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation.
Background: Chitosan (CS), an abundant alkaline polysaccharide, is valued for its biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and antibacterial properties. However, its limited solubility and modest antioxidant activity constrain its utility. Grafting polyphenols onto chitosan through the use of grafting reactions can enhance both the solubility and bioactivity of chitosan. Among the techniques employed, the free radical grafting method is favored for its simplicity, environmental sustainability, and its effectiveness in preserving biological activity.
Results: In this study, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and polydatin (PLD) were conjugated successfully to chitosan by a Vc/H2O2 redox system. Analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) were employed to confirm the formation of covalent bonding between the polyphenol molecules and the chitosan backbone. The novel conjugates displayed superior antioxidant properties in comparison with pristine chitosan, as evidenced by their enhanced 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities, and Fe2+ reducing power. Both CGA-CS and PLA-CS exhibited excellent lipid and protein oxidation inhibition capabilities. Furthermore, the conjugates were shown to have significant antibacterial effects against four common pathogenic bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, and Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.05).
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The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface.
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